Information services - Policy information

A Guide to Designing Legal and Institutional Frameworks on Alien Invasive Species. Environmental Policy and Law Paper No. 40 IUCN - Environmental Law Centre A Contribution to the Global Invasive Species Programme IUCN - The World Conservation Union.

This Guide aims to provide national policy and lawmakers with practical information and indicators for developing or strengthening legal and institutional frameworks on alien invasive species, consistently with Article 8(h) of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and other international and regional instruments.

A strategy for addressing issues of aquatic invasive alien species in the Lower Mekong Basin

This report recommends strategic responses to address issues related to aquatic IAS in the LMB. It also recommends maximum participation at national, regional and international levels is essential and suggests possible participants at the three levels. It also identifies the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) (http://www.issg. org/database/) as the single most important resource for use with respect to IAS.

A Toolkit for Developing Legal and Institutional Frameworks for Invasive Alien Species. Shine C. 2008

The toolkit provides a practical resource tailored to the specific issues and legal challenges associated with invasive alien species prevention and control. It contains examples and background information to support and inform real-world policy, planning and management. The primary aim of the toolkit is to provide a user-friendly guide to strengthening national policy, legal and institutional frameworks in this field. It provides detailed guidance on how to mainstream invasive alien species into planning and policy-making and draft new or amended legislation for all aspects of prevention and management.

A Toolkit for the Economic Analysis of Invasive Species. Emerton L. & Howard G. 2008 Publisher GISP.

The aim of this toolkit is to provide a clear, user-friendly guide to the application of economic approaches and tools to invasive species. It addresses the issues associated with identifying the factors which cause the spread of invasives, incorporating consideration of invasive species into economic planning and policy-making, and identifying economic tools and measures to support on-the-ground management actions designed to address biological invasions.

Africa invaded: the growing danger of invasive alien species.

This booklet is intended to raise awareness of the severe threat posed by Invasive Alien Species, and to promote the implementation of the relevant provisions of the Convention on Biological Diversity.

It includes pages on some of the major invasive species in Africa

AGIS Weeds and Invasive Plants

This website contains a range of resources on invasive alien plants in South Africa, including the SAPIA (South Africa Plant Invader Atlas) database where users can search for alien plants by common name, scientific name, family or growth form. Species fact sheets contain information on invader category according to South African legislation, area of origin, ecology and habitat, threats and impacts, as well as possible control methods. Pictures are also available for idenfification purposes. Apart from the database, the site also contains reports on invasive plants, SAPIA newsletters, a glossary and legislation information, which includes problem plant categories in South Africa. The next most comprehensive catalogue of naturalized alien species is that contained in the Southern African Plant Invaders Atlas (SAPIA) database which is accessible at this website. The SAPIA database currently contains 550 species, of which 250 are not listed by Wells et al. Not all of these species have become truly naturalized; some are occasional garden escapes that require considerable disturbance to become established. However they are all regarded as worthy of listing as they could become the invaders of the future. All the species in the SAPIA database have been recorded in natural or disturbed sites, excluding cultivated lands. At least 200 species are regarded as important and potentially important invaders and have been classified as 'Transformers', 'Potential transformers' and 'Special effect weeds'. See glossary for definitions.

The SAPIA database was identified at a workshop organized by the National Department of Agriculture in October 1998, in Pretoria, as the starting point for the development of a national information system for the management of alien invasive plants in South Africa. The Weeds and Invasive Plants website has been designed to fulfill this objective.

Alien invasive species in Africa's wetlands : some threats and solutions

This booklet introduces alien wetland invaders by describing seven of the worst species already introduced to Africa and mentions several others that are potential threats. It is hoped that this publication will raise the awareness of those concerned and provide them with sources for information and technical assistance.

Alien species in aquiculture. considerations for responsible use. Hewitt C.L., Campbell M.L. & Gollasch S. 2006 IUCN, Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK 32pp.

This publication aims to first provide decision makers and managers with information on the existing international and regional regulations that address the use of alien species in aquaculture, either directly or indirectly; and three examples of national responses to this issue. The last section of this document provides some considerations and suggestions to be taken into account by decision makers and managers when using -or deciding on the use of- alien species for aquaculture purposes. The considerations put forward here bear in mind the challenges faced by decision makers when reconciling conservation and development needs, and aim to help them find pragmatic solutions to ensure a responsible use of alien species for aquaculture purposes, should they decide to go down that path.

Alien Species in Swedish Seas (Frammande Arter I Svenska Hav)

The English version of the site contains a list of alien species that have been observed within Swedish seas and coastal areas as well as a second list of alien species observed close to Swedish borders. Brief fact sheets of more than 45 species within these lists are also available. There is also information on the definitions, classifications and characteristics of alien species, as well as methods of their introduction, impacts on native ecosystems, and advice on management, legislation and policy. The site Främmande arter i svenska hav (Alien species in Swedish seas) is an attempt to bring together current knowledge about alien species in Swedish seas and coastal areas, including the Skagerrak/Kattegat and the Baltic Sea. It is aimed at anyone wanting to know more about aquatic invaders in the marine environment. That includes people who deal with alien species on a professional basis, those who encounter aquatic invaders in their private lives, and those who can influence the spread of alien species to sea areas. An alien (non-indigenous, non-native, exotic) species is a plant, animal or microorganism which, with the help of humans, has been transported from and spread outside its natural distribution range. Introduction may be deliberate or accidental." The site Främmande arter i svenska hav (Alien species in Swedish seas) is an attempt to bring together current knowledge about alien species in Swedish seas and coastal areas, including the Skagerrak/Kattegat and the Baltic Sea. It is aimed at anyone wanting to know more about aquatic invaders in the marine environment. That includes people who deal with alien species on a professional basis, those who encounter aquatic invaders in their private lives, and those who can influence the spread of alien species to sea areas. An alien (non-indigenous, non-native, exotic) species is a plant, animal or microorganism which, with the help of humans, has been transported from and spread outside its natural distribution range. Introduction may be deliberate or accidental."

Alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides Griseb.) strategic plan 2012 - 2017

This revised alligator weed strategic plan aims to provide guidance to key stakeholders, from local to a national level, for the ongoing management of alligator weed and to help build on the gains made since the release of the original plan in an era of reduced national coordination.

Alligator Weed Control Manual

This manual presents best practice advice for the eradication and suppression of alligator weed in Australia. This advice is based on a review of over 30 years of published information and past and current field practices. To develop the best practice information presented here a technical reference group made up of researchers, managers and technical specialists reviewed the current knowledge and information over a series of workshops. Case studies provide examples of management strategies and control techniques.

Alligator Weed National Priority Framework 2009 - 2011

The alligator weed priority framework is divided into 4 sections:  1. Prevent spread;  2. Identify and eradicate non core infestations; 3. Manage core infestations; 4. Research and development.  This document provides further detail regarding each of the priorities listed.

Amenaza marina : especies exóticas invasoras en el entorno marino

Marine menace : alien invasive species in the marine environment.

An Invasive Alien Species Strategy for Canada

This Strategy seeks to establish a framework to address invasive alien species by meeting four strategic challenges, including: • Integrating environmental considerations into decision-making with economic and social factors; • Enhancing co-ordination and co-operation to respond more rapidly to new invasions and pathways of invasion; • Strengthening programs to protect natural resources under pressure from increased global trade and travel; and • Maximizing collaboration between adhoc and regional/issue specific efforts to ensure the limited resources are used on highest priority issues It includes a glossary and discussion on important pathways

An Invasive Alien Species Strategy for Northern Ireland

The current threats posed by invasive species in Northern Ireland are significant. In response to these threats the Department of Environment has developed the Invasive Alien Species Strategy for Northern Ireland. The overarching strategic aim of the Strategy is to minimise the risk posed, and reduce the negative impacts caused, by invasive alien species in Northern Ireland. Increasing awareness and understanding of the risks and issues involved in tackling invasive alien species is a central overarching issue.

An inventory and assessment of invasive alien plant species of Nepal

This inventory and assessment is based on experts’ consultation, literature and field studies in collaboration with local partners such as high schools, community forest user groups, community-based NGOs, farmers and other stakeholders.

Aquatic Animal Health Code

The OIE Aquatic Animal Health Code (the Aquatic Code) sets out standards for the improvement of aquatic animal health and welfare and veterinary public health worldwide, including through standards for safe international trade in aquatic animals (amphibians, crustaceans, fish and molluscs) and their products.

Argentina: Thematic Report on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Argentina. (CBD)

Asparagus weeds strategic plan 2012 - 2017: post consultation draft

The continued spread of asparagus weeds threatens Australia’s biodiversity, including endangered coastal and forest ecosystems. This draft Strategic Plan provides a framework to prevent the spread and reduce the impacts of these weeds. Nationally coordinated implementation of this Plan, in conjunction with all stakeholders, will allow for etter protection of priority assets by providing tools and information, coordinating programs, identifying management priorities, and fostering partnerships that lead to more strategic, collaborative management.

Australia: Thematic Report on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Australia. (CBD)

Austria: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Austria to the CBD.

Bangladesh: Thematic report to the CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Bangladesh.

Bellyache bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia) management manual - Control options and management case studies fromacross Australia

This manual outlines the ecology and impacts of bellyache bush, discusses a range of control methods and provides planning tools to assist in weed control. The information presented is based on a review of published information and discussions with researchers, technical experts and weed managers. It also contains a number of case studies that give practical examples of how bellyache bush is being managed in different parts of northern Australia.

Bern Convention Group of Experts on Invasive Alien Species

The Bern Convention created in 1992 a specialised group of experts called "Group of Experts on Invasive Alien Species". The group collected and analysed different national laws dealing with invasive species and proposed work aimed at the harmonisation of national regulations on introduced species, particularly on the fields of definitions, territorial scope of regulation, listing of species whose introduction is undesirable, identification of authorities responsible for permits, conditions for issuing such permits and control involved. One of the main products of the Group was the European Strategy on IAS. The group of experts meets every two years to check progress in implementation and propose new ideas.  The page links to reports, recommendations and documents.

Best Practice for the Management of Introduced Marine Pests - A Review. Hilliard R. 2005. Publisher GISP

The desktop compilation and mini-review of existing information is required by GISP as the first step in its plan to produce a toolkit specifically for the prevention and management of invasive marine species. The scope and objectives of the initial step have been as follows: 1. Provide a compilation of all relevant literature and material available globally, rather than an in-depth analysis of the pros and cons of different approaches. 2. Cover all possible pathways/vectors of ‘invasive alien species’ (IAS) in the marine environment with a focus on actual rather than hypothetical cases, including intentional and unintentional introduction pathways, plus natural range expansions resulting from climate change and other human activities. 3. Include case studies demonstrating ecological, economic and social impacts (such as the Caulerpa taxifolia ‘aquarium strain’ in the Mediterranean and elsewhere), best practice manuals (e.g. the Rapid Response Toolbox in Australia’s National Introduced Marine Pest Information System), information on relevant technologies (especially new developments and voluntary guidelines such as the IMO guidelines on ballast water management), and recent regulations at sub-national, national and international levels (e.g. the New Zealand Biosecurity Act 1993). 4. Cover all aspects of IAS management, i.e. from prevention through early warning and surveillance systems, eradication, containment and monitoring, management and control. 5. Make the maximum possible use of web-searches and appropriate mailing lists within the time constraints of the study to provide the broadest possible coverage of reports, many of which are grey literature.

Best Practices in Pre-Import Risk Screening for Species of Live Animals in International Trade: Proceedings of an Expert Workshop on Preventing Biological Invasions, University of Notre Dame, Indiana, USA,

The present publication, the Proceedings of the aforementioned workshop, focuses on ‘best practices’ to address the risks associated with imports of live animals (and their parasites and pathogens) in international trade. Such species are imported primarily for the pet, aquarium/terrarium, aquaculture/mariculture, live bait, game farming, fur farming and live food industries, and include terrestrial, aquatic, vertebrate and invertebrate species. It is important to note that, non-native animals together with their parasites and pathogens, are introduced into countries both unintentionally and intentionally, but that the workshop focused on addressing the risks associated with intentional introductions of live animals. Simons, S.A. and De Poorter, M. (eds.) 2009. Best Practices in Pre-Import Risk Screening for Species of Live Animals in International Trade: Proceedings of an Expert Workshop on Preventing Biological Invasions, University of Notre Dame, Indiana, USA, 9-11 April 2008. Global Invasive Species Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. 30pp.

Biodiversity Planning: an assessment of national biodiversity strategies and action plans. Prip, C; Gross, T; Johnston, S; Vierros, M 2010. United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies, Yokohama, Japan.

The Conference of the Parties (COP) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) has proclaimed national biodiversity strategies and action plans (NBSAPs) to be the primary mechanisms for the implementation of the Convention and its Strategic Plan. Article 6(a) of the CBD requires all Parties to develop an NBSAP. The strategy is meant to be a roadmap for how the country intends to fulfil the objectives of the Convention in light of its specific national circumstances. The related action plan will constitute the sequence of steps to be taken to meet the goals of the strategy. The development of the NBSAP in accordance with Article 6(a) is the cornerstone for fulfilling the requirement of Article 6(b) to mainstream biodiversity and the three objectives of the CBD. This should occur across all sectors of government, economic sectors and involve other actors who have an impact on biodiversity, through relevant sectoral or cross-sectoral plans, programmes and policies.

Biofuels as Invasive Species. Witt, A., 2011. CABI Expert White Paper Series on Biofuels, September, 2011

This paper discusses the increasing use of biofuel production across the globe, and the invasive risks of biofuel species. The document includes a definition of biofuels and their economic status in the world, impacts of production, recommended policy approaches, and a list of species, categorised by family, which have been suggested as potential biofuel crops, but have also been recognised as invasive / potentially invasive.

Brazil - Collection of legislation related to invasive alien species

The Horus Institute for Environmental Conservation and Development. Index in English, documents in Portuguese (PDF).

California Invasive Plant Council

Cal-IPC maintains the California Invasive Plant Inventory, a comprehensive list of invasive plants based on ecological impacts, pursues improvement of invasive plant policy through advocacy events and grassroots organizing and presents

Canadian Action Plan to Address the Threat of Aquatic Invasive Species

The ultimate goal of this plan is to minimize (and ideally eliminate) the introduction of harmful AIS and remediate the impact of those already in Canada. The plan’s underlying principles include incorporating environmental, economic, and social factors in decision making; working cooperatively with all stakeholders; and using science-based techniques to assess the risk of aquatic invasive species. Prevention of harmful new invasions is the first priority, as it is the most cost-effective way to deal with the problem. Once species are established, the task becomes far more complex and costly. The tools used to manage AIS must be carefully analyzed in terms of their effectiveness, how they affect the rest of the ecosystem, their cost, and so on. While some of the tools used to prevent and control harmful introductions vary between pathways, most of them apply across pathways, between jurisdictions, and to a range of species and ecosystems. In this plan, management actions have been organized into four broad categories: legislation, regulation and compliance; risk management; engaging Canadians; and science.

CBD - Agricultural Biodiversity

Agricultural biodiversity provides not only food and income but also raw materials for clothing, shelter, medicines, breeding new varieties, and performs other services such as maintenance of soil fertility and biota, and soil and water conservation, all of which are essential to human survival. This site provides links to national reports, case studies, toolkits and approaches for sustainable use of biofuels and other related information.

CBD - Aichi Biodiversity Targets

Strategic Goal A: Address the underlying causes of biodiversity loss by mainstreaming biodiversity across government and society Strategic Goal B: Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity and promote sustainable use Strategic Goal C: To improve the status of biodiversity by safeguarding ecosystems, species and genetic diversity Strategic Goal D: Enhance the benefits to all from biodiversity and ecosystem services Strategic Goal E: Enhance implementation through participatory planning, knowledge management and capacity building.

CBD - Biodiversity for Development

The overall goal of the Biodiversity for Development initiative is to improve the integration of the three objectives of the Convention into development plans and priorities in keeping the spirit of Article 6 (b). The three inter-related objectives of the initiative are: 1.To promote the integration of biodiversity considerations into sectoral policies or cross-sectoral strategies (e.g. Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers or Sustainable Development Strategies) as well as ensuring the development dimension in National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs); 2.To facilitate the exchange of experiences and the dissemination of lessons learned and good practices regarding the integration of biodiversity into development sectors and poverty reduction strategies and programmes; 3.To strengthen the linkages between CBD Programmes of Work and development / poverty alleviation, and raise awareness of the Parties on this crucial issue.

CBD - Climate Change Adaptation Database

The database provides web-based guidance on the integration of biodiversity within adaptation planning. It gathers information tools and case studies from a number of relevant partners. Its purpose is to support Parties as they continue to integrate climate change impacts and response activities through their implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity.

CBD - Climate Change and Biodiversity

It is now widely recognized that climate change and biodiversity are interconnected. Biodiversity is affected by climate change, with negative consequences for human well-being, but biodiversity, through the ecosystem services it supports, also makes an important contribution to both climate-change mitigation and adaptation. Consequently, conserving and sustainably managing biodiversity is critical to addressing climate change. This site provides links and information to COP Decisions, case studies, resources, documents and other related areas.

CBD - Communication, Education and Public Awareness

Among the many barriers to achieving the objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity, and of the other biodiversity-related conventions, the lack of public awareness on the importance of biodiversity ranks as one of the most serious. Without an awareness of the importance of biodiversity to human well-being, citizens and stakeholders are not likely to take the steps needed to mainstream biodiversity considerations into their daily lives and practices. The lack of public awareness also contributes to the relatively low political priority given to biodiversity issues. The Convention’s Communication, Education and Public Awareness (CEPA) programme is an important instrument for this target. This site provides information on the Aichi Biodiversity Target 1, resources, toolkits, case studies and links to other relevant information.

CBD - Country Profiles

With the kind assistance of the Parties, the Secretariat has been compiling information to prepare a set of country profiles. The objective is to provide for each country, the most relevant national information related to the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety.

Users can select countries from a drop-down list and view in detail national biodiversity information for the selected country.

CBD - Database on ABS Measures

The database on access and benefit-sharing measures includes measures taken by Parties in order to implement the access and benefit-sharing provisions of the Convention. The database covers a broad range of measures such as: national or regional strategies, policies, legislation or regulations. It may also include measures undertaken at the regional, national, sub-national or community level. Moreover, the database provides an overview of the main ABS elements of each regional or national regime when you click on the respective region or country name. The main ABS elements displayed are: ABS national focal point, competent national authority, scope, prior informed consent (PIC) procedures, mutually agreed terms (MATs) including benefit-sharing, compliance mechanisms, traditional knowledge associated to genetic resources and other. Further information on each measure can be obtained by clicking on the title of the measure.

CBD - Economics, Trade, and Incentive Measures

Many biodiversity-based ecosystem services are not traded on markets, and their value is not properly reflected in market prices. The economic work under the Convention seeks to promote the valuation of these services, and to introduce measures that correct the incentives of individuals, governments and companies towards more effective conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, such as promoting the trade of biodiversity-based goods that are produced in a sustainable manner. It also seeks to ensure the mutual supportiveness of international trade rules and the objectives of the Convention. This site ptovides links to relevant resources such as tools and guidance, national reports, databases, documents, related websites and others.

CBD - Ecosystem Approach

The ecosystem approach is a strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way. Application of the ecosystem approach will help to reach a balance of the three objectives of the Convention. It is based on the application of appropriate scientific methodologies focused on levels of biological organization which encompass the essential processes, functions and interactions among organisms and their environment. It recognizes that humans, with their cultural diversity, are an integral component of ecosystems.

CBD - Experiences, Case Studies, and Assessments

Convention on Biological Diversity. This page provides access to sources of information on experiences with invasive alien species, including case studies and assessments. The list of sources is not meant to be comprehensive, but rather is intended to focus on some key sources that themselves contain a variety of information on experiences with invasive alien species

CBD - Forest Biodiversity

Forests are biologically diverse systems, representing some of the richest biological areas on Earth. They offer a variety of habitats for plants, animals and micro-organisms. However, forest biodiversity is increasingly threatened as a result of deforestation, fragmentation, climate change and other stressors. This site provides links to national reports, case studies, toolkits and guidelines, publications and other related information.

CBD - Global Strategy for Plant Conservation

The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation addresses the challenges posed by threats to plant diversity. The overall purpose of the Strategy is to achieve the three objectives of the Convention, particularly for Plant diversity, taking into consideration Article 8(j) of the Convention and the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety. The Strategy considers plants in the terrestrial, inland water and marine environments. Further, the Strategy applies to the three primary levels of biological diversity as recognized by the Convention, hence plant genetic diversity, plant species and communities and their associated habitats and ecosystems.

CBD - Global Taxonomy Initiative

Effective conservation and management of biodiversity depends in large part on our understanding of taxonomy. Unfortunately, inadequate taxonomic information and infrastructure, coupled with declining taxonomic expertise, hinders our ability to make informed decisions about conservation, sustainable use and sharing of the benefits derived from genetic resources. Governments, through the Convention on Biological Diversity, have acknowledged the existence of a "taxonomic impediment" to the sound management of biodiversity, and have developed the Global Taxonomic Initiative to remove or reduce the impediment.

CBD - Guiding Principles for the Prevention, Introduction and Mitigation of Impacts of Alien Species that Threaten Ecosystems, Habitats or Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Guiding Principles for the Prevention, Introduction and Mitigation of Impacts of Alien Species that Threaten Ecosystems, Habitats or Species The Guiding Principles are intended to assist governments to control invasive alien species, as an integral part of conservation and economic development. They comprise 15 principles on prevention, intentional and unintentional introduction, and mitigation of impacts.

The document is also available in Arabic, French, Spanish, Russian, Chinese and German

CBD - Identification, Monitoring, Indicators and Assessments

Biodiversity indicators are information tools, summarizing data on complex environmental issues to indicate the overall status and trends of biodiversity. They can be used to assess national performance and to signal key issues to be addressed through policy interventions and other actions. The development of indicators is, therefore, important for monitoring the status and trends of biological diversity and, in turn, feeding back information on ways to continually improve the effectiveness of biodiversity management programmes.

CBD - Inland Waters Biodiversity

Inland water ecosystems are often extensively modified by humans, more so than marine or terrestrial systems, and are amongst the most threatened ecosystem types of all. Physical alteration, habitat loss and degradation, water withdrawal, overexploitation, pollution and the introduction of invasive alien species are the main threats to these ecosystems and their associated biological resources. This site provides links to national reports, case studies, toolkits and guidelines, publications and other related information.

CBD - Inter-Agency Liaison Group on Invasive Alien Species

The general purpose of the Liaison Group is to facilitate cooperation among relevant organizations to support measures to prevent the introduction and mitigate the impacts of invasive alien species. In the period up to 2020 the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, and in particular Aichi Target 9, will provide the main focus of the work of this group.

CBD - Invasive Alien Species

Invasive alien species (IAS) are a global issue that requires international cooperation and actions. Preventing international movement of IAS and rapid detection at borders are less costly than control and eradication. Preventing the entry of IAS is carried out through inspections of international shipments, customs checks and proper quarantine regulations. Prevention requires collaboration among governments, economic sectors and non-governmental and international organizations.

CBD - Island Biodiversity

Over the past century, island biodiversity has been subject to intense pressure from invasive alien species, habitat change and over-exploitation, and, increasingly, from climate change and pollution. This pressure is also keenly felt by island economies. Among the most vulnerable of the developing countries, small island developing States (SIDS) depend on the conservation and sustainable use of island biodiversity for their sustainable development.

This site provides links to national reports, case studies, toolkits and guidelines, publications and other related information.

CBD - Liability and Redress, Artical 14.2

The issue of liability and redress in the Convention’s context raises many questions, inter alia: is a liability and redress regime under the Convention appropriate at all? What is damage to biological diversity? How do you calculate adequate monetary compensation if the damage is irreversible and reinstatement impossible? What would restoration look like? Should there be a focus on state responsibility or state liability or both?

Paragraph 2 of Article 14 of the Convention provides that: "the Conference of the Parties shall examine, on the basis of studies to be carried out, the issue of liability and redress, including restoration and compensation, for damage to biological diversity, except where such liability is a purely internal matter. By this, the Convention gives little guidance, but leaves the issue to be decided at a later stage.

CBD - Marine and Coastal Biodiversity

There is broad recognition that the seas face unprecedented human-induced threats from industries such as fishing and transportation, the effects of waste disposal, excess nutrients from agricultural runoff, and the introduction of exotic species. This site provides links to national reports, case studies, toolkits and guidelines, publications and other related information.

CBD - Mountain Biodiversity

The world’s mountains encompass some of the most spectacular landscapes, a great diversity of species and habitat types, and distinctive human communities. Mountains occur on all continents, in all latitude zones, and within all the world’s principal biome types. Mountains provide freshwater for more than half of humanity, and are, in effect, the water towers of the world.

This site provides links to national reports, case studies, toolkits and guidelines, publications and other related information.

CBD - National Action Plan for the Programme of Work on Protected Areas

Convention on Biological Diversity National Action Plan for the Programme of Work on Protected Areas

CBD - National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs)

National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs) are the principal instruments for implementing the Convention at the national level (Article 6). The Convention requires countries to prepare a national biodiversity strategy (or equivalent instrument) and to ensure that this strategy is mainstreamed into the planning and activities of all those sectors whose activities can have an impact (positive and negative) on biodiversity.

CBD - National Reports

Article 26 of the Convention states that the objective of national reporting is to provide information on measures taken for the implementation of the Convention and the effectiveness of these measures.

CBD - National Reports and National Biodiversity Srategy & Action Plans

Convention on Biological Diversity National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan

CBD - New and Emerging Issues

The consolidated modus operandi of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA), adopted by the Conference of the Parties in decision VIII/10, lists among its functions that SBSTTA should inter alia identify new and emerging issues relating to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. In decision IX/29 the Conference of the Parties provided guidance on the procedure for the identification of new and emerging issues and on the review of proposals. In accordance with this decision, Parties and relevant organizations are invited after each meeting of the Conference of the Parties to submit proposals on new and emerging issues relating to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.

CBD - PoWPA Action Plans

Programme of Work for Protected Areas (PoWPA) Action plans by country.  Select the country from the list to see the plan.

CBD - Principles, Guidelines and Other Tools Developed under the Convention

Convention on Biological Diversity. This page lists some Principles, Guidelines and other tools developed under the Convention. All are available in the six official United Nations Languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Spanish, Russian) through associated Conference of the Parties decisions (left column). In the language column on the right, links are made to associated PDF Publications of the Secretariat. It includes Guiding Principles for the Prevention, Introduction and Mitigation of Impacts of Alien Species that Threaten Ecosystems, Habitats or Species
The Guiding Principles are intended to assist governments to control invasive alien species, as an integral part of conservation and economic development. They comprise 15 principles on prevention, intentional and unintentional introduction, and mitigation of impacts.

CBD - Principles, Guidelines and Tools

This page lists some Principles, Guidelines and other tools developed under the Convention. All are available in the six official United Nations Languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Spanish, Russian) through associated Conference of the Parties decisions (left column). In the language column on the right, links are made to associated PDF Publications of the Secretariat.

CBD - Protected Areas

Protected areas constitute an important stock of natural, cultural and social capital, yielding flows of economically valuable goods and services that benefit society, secure livelihoods, and contribute to the achievement of Millennium Development Goals. Moreover, protected areas are key to buffering unpredictable impacts of impending climate change. The CBD Programme of Work on Protected Areas provides a globally-accepted framework for creating comprehensive, effectively managed and sustainably funded national and regional protected area systems around the globe.

CBD - Recommendations

List of recommendations from the previous meetings of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice.

CBD - Russian Federation: Thematic Report on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in the Russian Federation

CBD - Saudi Arabia: Thematic Report on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species

CBD - Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011 - 2020, including Aichi Biodiversity Targets

In decision X/2, the tenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties, held from 18 to 29 October 2010, in Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, adopted a revised and updated Strategic Plan for Biodiversity, including the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, for the 2011-2020 period. This new plan will be the overarching framework on biodiversity, not only for the biodiversity-related conventions, but for the entire United Nations system.

CBD - Sustainable Use of Biodiversity

Being one of the objectives of the Convention, sustainable use is a general framework that crystallises the text of the Convention into one of the first truly international tool to provide dynamism to sustainable development. Sustainable use entails the introduction and application of methods and processes for the utilization of biodiversity to prevent its long term decline, thereby maintaining its potential to meet current and future human needs and aspirations.

CBD - Technology Transfer and Co-operation

Both access to and transfer of technology among contracting Parties are essential elements for attaining the objectives of the Convention. Contracting Parties undertake to provide and/or facilitate access for and transfer to other Contracting Parties of technologies that are relevant to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity or make use of genetic resources and do not cause significant damage to the environment.

CBD - Technology Transfer and Cooperation Information Database

Users can search for relevant information using the search function and criteria. Users can search by keywords, subjects, or countries.

CBD - Tourism and Biodiversity

The tourism industry represents one of the main sectors in the global economy, often referred to as the world’s largest single industry. Harnessing the opportunities and dealing with the challenges of the largest ongoing migration of people in history is of utmost importance, and is particularly significant for developing countries.

The Secretariat’s tourism activities provide bridges and links between various thematic programmes to ultimately facilitate the implementation of the Convention. These programmes, such as island biodiversity, marine and coastal biodiversity, forests, and invasive species, are crucial to a complementary approach to tourism issues.

CBD - Traditional Knowledge, Innovations and Practices

Article 8(j) states
Each contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:

Subject to national legislation, respect, preserve and maintain knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and promote their wider application with the approval and involvement of the holders of such knowledge, innovations and practices and encourage the equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of such knowledge innovations and practices.

CBD COP decisions

CBD COP decisions on Invasive Alien Species

Central African Republic: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic Report on Alien and Invasive Species in the Central African Republic

Codes of practice and manual of procedures for consideration of introductions and transfers of marine and freshwater organisms. Turner, G.E. 1988. EIFAC/CECPI Occasional paper No. 23 44 p.

This report was prepared by the “Working Group on Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms” of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea and by the “Working Party on Introductions” of the European Inland Fisheries Advisory Commission.

Comoros: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report to CBD on alien and invasive species in Comoros

Congo: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Congo

Conservation Evidence (database)

Conservation Evidence is a free, authoritative information resource designed to support decisions about how to maintain and restore global biodiversity. It summarises evidence from the scientific literature about the effects of conservation Interventions, such as methods of habitat or species management. The site also produces a open-access journal publishing research and case studies. Search results will provide a list of studies and scientific articles published within Conservation Evidence or in other journals (summaries of articles only).

Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD/CHM)

The Convention on Biological Diversity provides a global policy framework for action on Invasive Alien Species. The pages on the CBD website provide information and links to important documents, forthcoming meetings, and some useful links to other websites.

Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats - European Code of Conduct on Zoological Gardens and Aquaria and Invasive Alien Species 2012

Code, rationale and supporting information behind the development of codes of practise is in line with Aichi Target 9 of the Strategic Plan for biodiversity 2011–2020 after their adoption during the tenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP10, which took place in Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, in October 2010).

Czech Republic: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Czech Republic

Democratic Republic of the Congo: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Denying entry : opportunities to build capacity to prevent the introduction of invasive species and improve biosecurity at US ports

A recognized gap in the US government’s knowledge of the role that trade has played in the introduction of invasive species into the US led to a study undertaken by the US Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of International Affairs and IUCN. The aim was to identify the resources, strategies, and policies necessary to create, maintain, and make accessible one or more commodity/invasive species databases that EPA and other relevant agencies can apply to trade policy decision-making in a timely and scientifically-based manner.

Department of Conservation Series: Products

The site contains the archives of scientific research undertaken for New Zealand native species.

Directives pour l’élaboration d’une stratégie nationale de gestion des eaux de ballast

Guidelines for development of a national ballast water management strategy

Directrices para la evaluación de la condición jurídica y social nacional del agua de lastre

Guidelines for national ballast water status : assessment.  French-language version

Dominican Republic: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in the Dominican Republic

Dry and Sub-humid Lands Biodiversity (CBD)

The biological diversity of dry and sub-humid lands provides critical ecosystem services to support two billion people, 90% of whom live in developing countries. The conservation and sustainable use of the biodiversity of dry and sub-humid lands is, therefore, central to livelihood development and poverty alleviation. This site provides links to national reports, case studies, toolkits and guidelines and other related information.

ECOLEX as a gateway to biodiversity-related law

ECOLEX, the Gateway to Environmental Law, is a web-based information service operated jointly by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO), the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and the UN Environmental Program (UNEP). ECOLEX is the most comprehensive global source of national and international environmental and natural resources law and policy. The ECOLEX user can access legal and policy instruments - international agreements, legislation, judicial decisions, law and policy literature - relating to ecosystems, species and genetic resources as well as other sectors affecting biodiversity such as agriculture, fisheries, forestry, mining and water. ECOLEX’s four databases can be browsed in two main ways, Simple Searches and Advanced Searches.

ECOLEX: Search results for invasive alien species

The search results yield a comprehensive list of treaties, regulations and other legislative information on invasive alien species worldwide

Ecological Applications

Ecological Applications, published eight times per year, contains ecological research and discussion papers that have specific relevance to environmental management and policy.

Economic assessment for ballast water management : A guideline

This guideline aims to aid parties working with ballast water management to evaluate and quantify the potential economic impacts of accidental introductions of marine species through ballast water.

Economic assessment for ballast water management : a guideline (Arabic version)

This guideline aims to aid parties working with ballast water management to evaluate and quantify the potential economic impacts of accidental introductions of marine species through ballast water.

Economic assessment for ballast water management : a guideline (Russian version)

This guideline aims to aid parties working with ballast water management to evaluate and quantify the potential economic impacts of accidental introductions of marine species through ballast water.

EPPO - Publications

EPPO produces a wide selection of publications, books, journals and brochures (in English and French). Some of these publications can be obtained electronically. Most EPPO standards can be retrieved as electronic files from our section 'Standard'. You can also receive information by e-mail (EPPO Reporting Service) and be informed of the availability of new EPPO Standards and new phytosanitary regulations by registering with the EPPO Electronic Documentation Service.

Estonia: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Estonia.

European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO)

EPPO is an intergovernmental organization created in 1951 which currently has 50 member countries. EPPO is responsible for harmonization and cooperation among the National Plant Protection Organizations (official authorities) of its member countries. EPPO helps its members in their efforts to protect plant health in agriculture, forestry and the uncultivated environment (standard-setting activities and exchange of information). On its official website, EPPO also provides:

- conducted by EPPO Expert Working Groups:All PRAs - on Pest Risk Analysis which have been presented to various EPPO Panels:Working documents - (early warning on emerging pests which could present a risk for the Euro-Mediterranean region):The EPPO Alert List - on EPPO work on PRA oRead more n.

European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) 2013. Council recommendation on plants for renewable energy and Invasive Alien Plants (Paris, 2007-09)

This page contains a summary of the recommendations made by the EPPO Council on the use of invasive alien plant species for bio-energy production. The EPPO Council statement is available in both English and French.

European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) 2013. EPPO activities on Invasive Alien Plants

The site provides lists of invasive and potentially invasive alien species, risk and pathway analyses, management standards, links to relevant resources, and other information services (database, bulletin, reporting service etc.) Wild plants can be threatened by the introduction and spread of pests, and notably by 'invasive alien plants' which can seriously disturb and destroy natural plant communities. Therefore in the early 2000s, EPPO started to work more specifically on invasive alien plants, in particular to analyze the risks presented by specific invasive alien plant species for the EPPO region and recommend measures to prevent their introduction and spread via international trade."

European Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture Advisory Commission (EIFAAC)

The mission of EIFAC is to promote the long-term sustainable development, utilization, conservation, restoration and responsible management of European inland fisheries and aquaculture, consistent with the objectives and principles of the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and other relevant international instruments, and to support sustainable economic, social, and recreational activities towards these goals through:
providing advice, information and coordination;
encouraging enhanced stakeholder participation and communication; and
the delivery of effective research.

European network on Invasive Alien Species (NOBANIS)

Provides an overview of the national regulation regarding invasive aliens for northern European countries. It includes short explanations about the various hard and soft regulatory instruments, and links to national law texts.

European network on Invasive Alien Species (NOBANIS)

NOBANIS is a gateway to information on alien and invasive species in North and Central Europe. It covers marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments and provides: a distributed but integrated database on introduced species in the region; fact sheets on many of the most invasive aliens; a catalogue of the regulation relevant to invasive species in participating countries; a literature database; a photo bank; connects to regional and global networks and projects of invasive aliens species.

European network on Invasive alien Species (NOBANIS) - Database

Alien species database, searchable by species, taxonomic group, habitat and country. Covers all groups for Europe.

European Union: Thematic Report on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in the European Union

Évaluation économique de la gestion des eaux de ballast : une directive

This guideline aims to aid parties working with ballast water management to evaluate and quantify the potential economic impacts of accidental introductions of marine species through ballast water.

Exotic Species in Guatemala

The national biodiversity portal of Guatemala. With consultation and publication of information relating to biodiversity and related topics. This includes an overview of invasive Alien Species

FAO State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources Report

Animal genetic resources for food and agriculture (AnGR) provide crucial options for the sustainable development of livestock production. The erosion of these resources globally, and particularly in many developing countries, has accelerated in recent years as a consequence of the rapid changes affecting livestock production systems (intensification and industrialization). Disease outbreaks, other disasters and emergencies, and the degradation of grazing land are also threats. FAO’s work in the field of AnGR management takes a broad approach – addressing technical, policy and institutional issues, and taking account of interactions with other aspects of natural resource management, production system dynamics and general economic development.

Feral.org.au

The website contains a searchable database of information for invasive vertebrate species in Australia and New Zealand. Information includes published and unpublished research, technical reports, legislation and management practices and threat mitigation plans. The website also has information on social issues and animal welfare, as well as an image gallery and PestMaps, which are maps of the distributions and abundances of invasive species. The Bureau of Rural Sciences’ Australian Pest Animal Management Program supported the predecessor of the Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre (the Pest Animal Control CRC) in cooperation with the University of Canberra to develop a comprehensive, interactive and freely-available website on pest animals. The site aims to make information on past and current research related to invasive animal control readily accessible and to interpret and pull together relevant data to assist users of the site in making management decisions.

The site is structured around a searchable database of information on vertebrate invasive animals in Australia and New Zealand.
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Finland's National Strategy on Invasive Alien Species

The objective of Finland’s National Strategy on Invasive Alien Species is to minimise the threat and damage caused by invasive alien species, both those already present in Finland and the potential ones. The measures proposed in the Strategy address invasive alien species introduced to Finland by human action, intentionally or unintentionally, which are spreading uncontrolledly and cause harmful impacts as they do so. The purpose of the Strategy is to prevent the introduction to Finland of new invasive alien species that spread uncontrolledly.

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, 2013. Introduction of species

This site provies information on the ecological and socioeconomic impacts of species introductions in aquatic ecosystems. Information on legal instruments and codes of practice on the use of introduced species is also available.

Forest Invasive Species Network for Africa (FISNA)

This is an information network for parties interested in pest management in forests in sub-Saharan Africa. There is a register of forest pest management experts, as well as lists of projects on insect pests, diseases, invasive plants and biocontrol. Publications from the Forest and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI) are also available. The Forest Invasive Species Network for Africa (FISNA) was created in 2004 to coordinate the collation and dissemination of information relating to forest invasive species in sub-Saharan Africa for sustainable forest management and conservation of biodiversity. Invasive species are defined as biotic agents, not native to a specific forest ecosystem, whose introduction does, or is likely, to cause harm to the forest ecosystem.

Forestry

The aim of the journal is to publish high quality articles and reviews on all aspects of research, practice and policy that inform and promote the sustainable management of forests and trees.

The journal is inclusive of all subjects, geographical zones and study locations, including trees in urban environments, plantations and natural forests.

Galapagos Invasive Species

The site offers information on invasive species of all taxa in the Galapagos Islands. This includes summaries of general information on alien invasive species, manuals and protocols to identify and manage species, information on regional planning and community involvement in conservation efforts as well as lists of noxious weeds and other invasive species in the Galapagos. Statement of purpose for the Galapagos invasive species web site:
Inform the wider world (local, national and international) of the invasive species problem in Galapagos, the challenges which their management presents, and advances in their eradication and control, in order to:

enable exchange of information and experience between technical people;
identify areas of common interest between experts, projects, organisations and countries:
broadcast the successes and lessons learned from the programmes of eradication and control of invasive species in Galapagos;
broadcast knowledge of the problems caused and impact of invasive species in Galapagos.
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Gender and Biodiversity - CBD

The importance of biodiversity to individuals varies according to gender. Based upon the social roles of and power relations between men and women, gender is shaped by culture, social relations, and natural environments. For this reason, we need to incorporate gender dimensions into our understanding of biodiversity and its conservation, sustainable use and the sharing of benefits. CBD developed a Gender Plan of Action in 2008 that defines the Secretariat’s role in stimulating and facilitating efforts on national, regional, and global levels to promote gender equality and mainstream a gender perspective. The Millennium Development Goals emphasize clear linkages between gender equality, poverty alleviation, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. Such insights should be included into our outlook and approach to reversing biodiversity loss, reducing poverty and improving human wellbeing.

Germany: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on invasive and alien species in Germany

GISP Training Course on Best Practice for the Management of Introduced Marine Pests

Training course materials on best practice for management of introduced marine species. Hilliard R. 2005 Best Practice for the Management of Introduced Marine Pests - A Review. Publisher Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP)

GISP Training Course on Drafting Legal and Institutional Frameworks for Invasive Species (Regional) - English

GISP Training Course on Drafting Legal and Institutional Frameworks for Invasive Species in English. Shine C. 2008 A Toolkit for Developing Legal and Institutional Frameworks for Invasive Alien Species. Publisher Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP)

GISP Training Course on Strategies and Tools to Prevent the Introduction of Invasive Species (Tanzania) in English.

The purpose of this course is to provide general training for border clearance officials and others on pre-border, border, and post-border strategies and approaches for preventing the introduction and spread of invasive species alien species (IAS).

GISP Training Course on the Management of Invasive Alien Species (National: Kenya & Mozambique)

Training course materials on invasive alien species management in Kenya and Mozambique. Wittenberg R. & Cock M.J.W. 2001 (eds) Invasive Alien Species: A Toolkit for Best Prevention and Management Practices. Publisher Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP)

Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)

The GISD focuses on invasive alien species that threaten native biodiversity and covers all taxonomic groups from micro-organisms to animals and plants in all ecosystems. Species information is either supplied by or reviewed by expert contributors from around the world. It is managed by the Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the Species Survival Commission of the IUCN-World Conservation Union.
Many of the species profiles feature images, include a description section and, where available, links to Diagnostic information sources such as for the ant profiles and others. They features distribution information at country level and also at site level including protected areas and ecosystem, admin unit level, island etc. The database entries are rich in management information.

Global Island Partnership (GLISPA)

The Global Island Partnership (GLISPA) assists islands in addressing one of the world’s greatest challenges: to conserve and sustainably utilize the invaluable island natural resources that support people, cultures, and livelihoods in their island homes around the world. It brings together island nations and nations with islands — small and large, developing and developed — to mobilize leadership, increase resources and share skills, knowledge, technologies and innovations in a cost-effective and sustainable way that will catalyze action for conservation and sustainable livelihoods on islands.

Global strategy on invasive alien species

Summarising key findings of the Phase I Synthesis Conference held in September 2000 in Cape Town, Republic of South Africa, this publication presents ten strategic responses that address how to mitigate the threats of IAS. Directed toward the decision-makers whose policies and practices are affecting the movement of species around the world, this strategy strives to provide a resource to increase awareness and provide policy advice.

Global Strategy on Invasive Alien Species. (McNeely, J.A., Mooney, H.A., Neville, L.E., Schei, P. & Waage, J.K. (eds.) 2001. IUCN on behalf of the Global Invasive Species Programme, Gland, Switzerland) and Cambridge, UK

This document details a global strategy on invasive alien species. It covers the ecological and socioeconomic impacts of invasive alien species, their pathways, dispersal and movement, as well as management, policy information and strategic responses. Included are case studies, a list of relevant organisations and institutions, as well as a glossary. The Global Strategy on Invasive Alien Species is based on contributions from the team leaders of the eleven main components addressed under Phase I of the Global Invasive Species Programme. This strategy summarizes key findings of the Phase I Synthesis Conference held September 2000 in Cape Town, Republic of South Africa and presents ten strategic responses that address mitigating the threats of invasive alien species. Directed toward the decision-makers whose policies and practices are affecting the movement of species around the world, this Strategy strives to provide a resource to increase awareness and provide policy advice.

GloBallast

Invasive aquatic species are one of the four greatest threats to the world's oceans, and can cause extremely severe environmental, economic and public health impacts.The GEF/UNDP/IMO Global Ballast Water Management Programme (GloBallast) is assisting developing countries to; reduce the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens in ships' ballast water, implement the IMO ballast water Guidelines and prepare for the new IMO ballast water Convention.

Gorse National Best Practice Manual

This is the 2nd edition of the Gorse National Best Practice Manual. It is a fully integrated best practice document which includes comprehensive instructions for mapping gorse, planning a control program, undertaking the work and following-up. It is the definitive guide for land managers to inform themselves about how to plan gorse control and ultimately eradicate gorse from their properties and the Australian landscape. The manual describes the latest trailed best practice gorse management, with enough detail in easy-to-understand language to allow land managers to confidently take on eradicating gorse and win.

Greece: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Greece

Guía para la elaboración de marcos jurídicos e institucionales relativos a las especies exóticas invasoras

A guide to designing legal and institutional frameworks on alien invasive species

Guidelines for development of a national ballast water management strategy

This document is a manual providing advice and information to the development of national ballast water management strategies. It contains a step-by-step guide and a list of useful resources at the end.

Guidelines for development of a national ballast water management strategy (Arabic version)

This document is a manual providing advice and information to the development of national ballast water management strategies. It contains a step-by-step guide and a list of useful resources at the end.

Guidelines for development of a national ballast water management strategy (Russian version)

This document is a manual providing advice and information to the development of national ballast water management strategies. It contains a step-by-step guide and a list of useful resources at the end.

Guidelines for national ballast water status : assessments

This document provides guidelines and advice for national administrations through the processes of evaluating and preparing for the implementation of ballast water management measures.

Guidelines for national ballast water status : assessments (Arabic version)

This document provides guidelines and advice for national administrations through the processes of evaluating and preparing for the implementation of ballast water management measures.

Guidelines for national ballast water status : assessments (Russian version)

This document provides guidelines and advice for national administrations through the processes of evaluating and preparing for the implementation of ballast water management measures.

Guidelines for the export, shipment, import and release of biological control agents and other beneficial organisms (2005).

This standard provides guidelines for risk management related to the export, shipment, import and release of biological control agents and other beneficial organisms. It lists the related responsibilities of contracting parties to the IPPC, national plant protection organizations (NPPOs) or other responsible authorities, importers and exporters (as described in the standard). The standard addresses biological control agents capable of self-replication (including parasitoids, predators, parasites, nematodes, phytophagous organisms, and pathogens such as fungi, bacteria and viruses), as well as sterile insects and other beneficial organisms (such as mycorrhizae and pollinators), and includes those packaged or formulated as commercial products. Provisions are also included for import for research in quarantine facilities of non-indigenous biological control agents and other beneficial organisms.

Guidelines on biofuels and invasive species

These guidelines outline step-by-step recommendations for interventions to minimise risks of biological invasions along the biofuels supply chain.

Honduras: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Honduras

Hungary: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Hungary

Hymenachne: Control methods and case studies

This manual outlines the ecology and threat of hymenachne, discusses a range of control methods, and provides planning tools to assist in weed control. It also covers the impact of ponded pasture species and provides some information on native
hymenachne (Hymenachne acutigluma). The information presented in this manual is based on a review of published information, a study of field practices, and a survey of technical experts and weed managers. In addition, the manual contains a number of case studies that give practical examples of how hymenachne is being managed or utilised in various parts of northern Australia.

I3N - Brazil

This website hosts the National Invasive Species Database for Brasil. The site contains information on risk assessments of non-native species, case studies of IAS in Brazil, links to published articles, legal regulations and a photo gallery of invasive species.

ICES. 2012. Report of the ICES Working Group on Introduction and Transfers of Marine Organisms (WGITMO), 14 - 16 March 2012, Lisbon, Portugal. ICES CM 2012/ACOM:31. 301 pp.

The ICES Code of Practice sets forth recommended procedures and practices to diminish the risks of detrimental effects from the intentional introduction and transfer of marine (including brackish water) organisms. The Code is aimed at a broad audience since it applies to both public (commercial and governmental) and private (including scientific) interests. In short, any persons engaged in activities that could lead to the intentional or accidental release of exotic species should be aware of the procedures covered by the Code of Practice.

Implementation of the Aquatic Weeds of National Siginificance Strategic Plans - Progress Report: 2003 - 2008

This report is a summary of progress made by stakeholders over the past five years (2003-2008) in the implementation of strategies aimed at controlling the spread of the three aquatic weeds of national significance (WoNS): • Alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) • Cabomba (Cabomba caroliniana) • Salvinia (Salvinia molesta) Information for this report is drawn primarily from annual reports prepared by the National Aquatic Weeds Coordinator for the National Aquatic Weeds Management Group, though other sources were also consulted.

Information System of Invasive Species in Mexico

The site contains a database of invasive species of all taxa found in Mexico. Information about these IAS have been obtained from experts, scientific literature, and from projects supported by CONABIO. For each species listed, information on its introduction route and status of invasion are provided. The list is regularly updated. This page presents the lists of invasive species reported for our country and some whose Mexico entry is imminent, or would have severe consequences for our biodiversity. These lists are in constant review, due to the dynamic nature of the problem, so it will be updated on a regular basis.

International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES)

The International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) coordinates and promotes marine research on oceanography, the marine environment, the marine ecosystem, and on living marine resources in the North Atlantic. ICES is a scientific and research organization for the provision of information and advice to member countries and international bodies.

International mechanisms for the control and responsible use of alien species in aquatic ecosystems.

This document contains the report of and papers presented at the Ad hoc Expert Consultation, International Mechanisms for the Control and Responsible Use of Alien Species in Aquatic Ecosystems, held 27–30 August 2003, in Xishuangbanna, People's Republic of China. Bartley, D.M.; Bhujel, R.C.; Funge-Smith, S.; Olin, P.G.; Phillips, M.J. (comps./eds.) International mechanisms for the control and responsible use of alien species in aquatic ecosystems. Report of an Ad Hoc Expert Consultation. Xishuangbanna, People's Republic of China, 27–30 August 2003. Rome, FAO. 2005. 195p.

International ocean governance : using international law and organizations to manage marine resources sustainably

This report evaluates the effectiveness of international agreements and organizations and recommends numerous improvements. It includes a series of tables and maps, which can be easily updated. The tables present a problem-oriented summary of global and regional legal instruments and an indication of the scientific, technical, and legal guidance offered by international bodies. The maps demonstrate geographic relationships in eight ocean regions -- among regional marine and regional fisheries conventions, large marine ecosystems, major river basins, marine protected areas, and national jurisdiction.

International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC)

An international agreement on plant health with 178 current signatories. It aims to secure coordinated, effective action to prevent and to control the introduction and spread of pests of plants and plant products.
The Convention extends beyond the protection of cultivated plants to the protection of natural flora and plant products. It takes into consideration both direct and indirect damage by pests, so it includes weeds. It also covers vehicles, aircraft and vessels, containers, storage places, soil and other objects or material that can harbour or spread pests.
The Convention provides a framework and a forum for international cooperation, harmonization and technical exchange between contracting parties.
Its implementation involves collaboration by National Plant Protection Organisations (NPPOs) — the official services established by governments to discharge the functions specified by the IPPC — and Regional Plant Protection Organisations (RPPOs), which can act as coordinating bodies at a regional level to achieve the objectives of the IPPC. The Secretariat of the IPPC is provided by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations.

International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) - Standards

International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPMs). These are the standards adopted by the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures (CPM), which is the governing body of the IPPC. The IPPC is the only standard setting organization for plant health. In addition, these standards, guidelines and recommendations are recognized as the basis for phytosanitary measures applied in trade by the Members of the World Trade Organization under the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (the SPS Agreement). Both contracting and non-contracting parties to the IPPC are encouraged to implement these standards. Standards in themselves are not regulatory instruments but come into force once countries establish requirements within their national legislation. Requests for specific information on import requirements should be addressed to the national plant protection organizations (NPPOs) of the country of import.

International Society for the Study of Harmful Algae (ISSHA)

The International Society for the Study of Harmful Algae (ISSHA) was founded in 1997, in response to a request from the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO for an international programme o­n harmful algae. The Society is affiliated to the ICSU family of organizations as a constituent part of the International Union of Biological Sciences (IUBS) through the International Association of Biological Oceanography (IABO). The overall mandate of the Society is to promote and foster research and training programs o­n harmful algae, and to co-sponsor meetings o­n this topic at the national, regional, and international level.

Invasive Alien Species - Tematea

The module is a tool that offers a logical framework of obligations and commitments from regional and global biodiversity agreements, which encompass issues of invasive alien species. This is based on current articles, decisions, recommendations and conclusions from a range of agreements on issues that are significant for biodiversity. Modules are also supported at country level. Invasive alien species (IAS) are non-native species that are introduced deliberately or unintentionally in areas outside their natural habitats, where they become established, proliferate and spread, causing damage to the environment. Implementation requirements from multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) focus on the prevention of the introduction of IAS and the control and eradication of those IAS, which nonetheless become established to threaten ecosystems, habitats or native species that may be endangered. The module is divided into seven sections: Assessments: including risk assessment, impact assessment, presence of IAS, identification, reporting and indicators. Legislative measures and national policies: including national strategies. Management: including the prevention and eradication of IAS, rehabilitation and restoration, and other non-legislative approaches. Economic instruments: including incentives Provision of resources: including funding activities and capacity building. Communication, education and public awareness: including training Cooperation: including coordination across sectors "

Invasive Alien Species and Protected areas: A Scoping Report Part II. Suggestions for an IUCN approach to addressing present and future threats from invasive alien species in protected areas.

Invasive Alien Species and Protected areas: A Scoping Report Part II. Suggestions for an IUCN approach to addressing present and future threats from invasive alien species in protected areas. 2007 Produced for the World Bank as a contribution to the Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP). Produced by Maj De Poorter (Invasive Species Specialist Group of the Species Survival Commission of IUCN - The World Conservation Union)

Invasive alien species in the Lower Mekong Basin : current state of play

The Mekong Wetlands Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Use Programme (MWBP) will devise a regional strategy to address the existing and potential impacts of IAS in the LMB. This preliminary report is the first step in moving towards developing a strategy to manage IAS issues in the LMB.

Invasive Alien Species: A Toolkit for Best Prevention and Management Practices. Wittenberg R. & Cock M.J.W. 2001 (eds) Publisher GISP.

The layout of the toolkit is intended to be largely self-explanatory. An introductory chapter to set the scene is followed by Chapter 2 on building strategy and policy, (i.e. how to develop national plans and support for them). Methods for prevention of invasive species and the risk-analysis process are dealt with in Chapter 3, while methods for early detection of new invasive species are reviewed in Chapter 4. A broad review of different management approaches is offered in Chapter 5, and some thoughts on how to use the toolkit are provided in Chapter 6.

Invasive Species Council (ISC) 2013. Double Trouble- Pests and Climate Change

In this e-bulletin series, the Invasive Species Council aims to spread awareness on the links between climate change and invasive species. Each issue provides examples of the interactions between climage change and invasive species spread. These e-bulletins aim to promote reforms to diminish the thread of invasives.

Invasive Species Council (ISC) Double Trouble Ebulletin: Pests and Climate Change

In this e-bulletin series, the Invasive Species Council aims to spread awareness on the links between climate change and invasive species. Each issue provides examples of the interactions between climage change and invasive species spread. These e-bulletins aim to promote reforms to diminish the thread of invasives.

Invasive Species Ireland

The website contains a range of resources, information and case studies on invasive species and their management in Ireland. Species profiles contain ecological information and pictures, along with simple measures to prevent their spread. The Biosecurity section provides guidelines and codes of practice for fields such as horticulture, aquaculture and other general activities in order to minimise the chances of spread for invasive species. The site also has a Management Toolkit section, which provides extensive information on implementing measures of control, and these information include risk assessments, legislation, biocontrol, other control measures (chemical, physical etc.), priority setting, collaboration and local action. In Ireland, practical management of introduced species is challenging because of the cross-border implications of controlling introductions and spread. A pro-active stance is fundamental since prevention of introductions is demonstrably more cost-effective than reactive control or eradication measures.

Invasive Species Ireland acts as a co-ordination mechanism and provides advice and resources for stakeholders, in addition to carrying out risk assessment, policy development, education and awareness activities, research and development of invasive species action plans.

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Invasive Species Management - what taxonomic support is needed?

This document examines the significance of taxonomy as a useful measure in preventing and managing the spread of invasive species, and reports on a needs assessment for taxonomy to deliver against IAS management needs.

Invasive Species Management in the Pacific: A review of national plans and current activities

This review was prepared by the Pacific Invasives Initiative (PII) on request from the Pacific Invasives Partnership (PIP). It was undertaken to examine the invasive species management components within the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plans of twelve Pacific island countries (PICs): Cook Islands, Fiji, Federated States of Micronesia, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga and Vanuatu.

Invasive Species Scotland

The website provides a list of invasive species in Scotland. Each factsheet has information on ecological impacts, distribution, pathways of introduction along with possible control methods (biological, physical, chemical etc.). Photos as well as a list of links to relevant resources are also available. This is part of Rivers and Fisheries Trusts of Scotland (RAFTS) which works on prevention, control or eradication of invasive species and diseases in river catchments and with support from the Scottish Government, Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) and the Esmeé Fairbairn Foundation has initiated the RAFTS Biosecurity and Invasive Species Programme.

Invasive species, climate change and ecosystem-based adaptation : addressing multiple drivers of global change

This report focuses on the primary linkages between climate change and the spread of invasive species as well as the secondary and tertiary interactions of their corresponding impacts. It includes a list of relevant case studies and a set of recommendations to aid policy makers in integrating invasive species prevention and management with climate change adaption and mitigation strategies.

Invasores en Mesoamérica y el Caribe : resultados del Taller sobre especies invasoras : ante los retos de su presencia en Mesoamérica y el Caribe

In this publication summaries are given of the main case studies presented at the workshop on invasive alien species, both those with severe economic impacts and certain others posing serious threats to the region’s environment.

IPPC - Guidelines for Pest Eradication Programmes

This standard describes the components of a pest eradication programme which can lead to the establishment or re-establishment of pest absence in an area.

Ireland: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on invasive and alien species in Ireland

Islamic Republic of Iran: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Iran

Island Biodiversity and Invasive Species Database (IBIS)

Focused on the threat of invasive species on native species and ecosystems on islands. The site enables users to search the database directly by species, or by location, or by impacts of invasive species and their outcomes on native populations. With each species entry, there is an invasive threat summary, and a threat management summary detailing possible conservation strategies and past case studies. IBIS was developed by the IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group in response to feedback from island conservation managers that there was a need for better access to data and information on invasive alien species on islands and how to manage this insidious threat. IBIS aims to record and provide information on the impacts of invasive alien species on native species on islands (with a focus on those that are classified as ‘threatened’ in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species- Critically Endangered (CR), Endangered (EN) and Vulnerable (VU)), and the management of this threat.

Island Invasives: Eradication and management: proceedings of the international conference on island invasives

This document is a collation of articles from a conference in Auckland focusing on the management and eradication of invasive species, especially on islands.

Israel: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Israel.

IUCN Guidelines For The Prevention Of Biodiversity Loss Caused By Alien Invasive Species (February 2000)

Recommendations

Jamaica: Thematic Report to CBD in Invasive and Alien species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on ivnasive and alien species in Jamaica

Japan: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Japan

La gobernanza internacional del océano : el uso del derecho internacional y las organizaciones para manejar los recursos marinos de manera sostenible -

This report evaluates the effectiveness of international agreements and organizations and recommends numerous improvements. It includes a series of tables and maps, which can be easily updated. The tables present a problem-oriented summary of global and regional legal instruments and an indication of the scientific, technical, and legal guidance offered by international bodies. The maps demonstrate geographic relationships in eight ocean regions -- among regional marine and regional fisheries conventions, large marine ecosystems, major river basins, marine protected areas, and national jurisdiction.

Lebanon: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Lebanon

Linkages between Development Assistance and Invasive Alien Species in Freshwater Systems in South East Asia. Gutierrez, A.T. & Reaser, J.K. 2005 USAID Asia and Near East Bureau, Washington, DC.

Recognizing the significant impacts that IAS have on the environment, economy, and human health, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), in cooperation with the Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP), sponsored a preliminary assessment to investigate the linkages between IAS and development assistance in the freshwater systems of Southeast Asia. This report details the findings of the assessment, which focused on three areas – (1) development assistance as pathway of introduction, (2) development assistance projects adversely impacted by IAS, and (3) development assistance projects working to address IAS.

Lithuania: Thematic Report to CBD on Invasive and Alien Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on invasive and alien species in Lithuania

Macdonald, I.A.W., J.K. Reaser, C. Bright, L.E. Neville, G.W. Howard, S.J. Murphy & G. Preston (eds.). 2003. Invasive alien species in southern Africa: national reports & directory of resources. Global Invasive Species Programme, Cape Town, South Africa.

This report is a product of a workshop entitled Prevention and Management of Invasive Alien Species:
Forging Cooperation throughout Southern Africa, held by the Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP) in Lusaka, Zambia on 10-12 June 2002.

Madagascar: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Madagascar

Mainstreaming gender into prevention and management of invasive species

This report analyses gender perspectives of invasive species impacts and management. A case study of invasions of Prosopis juliflora and Parthenium hysterophorus in Ethiopia is included.

Mali: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Mali

Marine Biofouling & Invasive Species: guidelines for prevention and management

This document contains information on marine biofouling as a pathway for the spread of invasive species. The ecological and economic impacts of invasive marine species are included, along with case studies. The document also provides information on management practices, regulatory framework and legislation and recommendations.

Marine Biofouling: An Assessment of the Risks and Management Initiatives. Compiled by Lynn Jackson on behalf of the Global Invasive Species Programme and the UNEP Regional Seas Programme. Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP), 2008. 68pp

The escalating numbers of invasive species in the marine environment, together with an increasing awareness of the implications thereof, have stimulated a substantial amount of research aimed both at gaining a better understanding of marine invasions and at finding ways to prevent and/or manage them. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of those initiatives dealing with biofouling as a pathway for marine invasions.

Marine Bioinvasions: A collection of reviews

A collection of journal articles on invasive species in marine environments.

Marine news - Global Marine Programme News

Marine News is the IUCN Global Marine and Polar Programme e-newsletter. It includes news stories related to a diversity of marine-related topics such as climate change mitigation and adaptation; threatened marine species; energy and industry; marine protected areas; marine invasive species; fisheries and aquaculture; ocean governance and the Arctic. It also highlights recent marine expeditions and outstanding marine photographs.

Mauritius: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species of Mauritius

Menace en mer : les espèces exotiques envahissantes dans l'environnement marin

Marine menace : alien invasive species in the marine environment

Mesoamerica and the Caribbean: Invasives in Mesoamerica and the Caribbean. Regional workshop in Invasive Alien Species, San José, Coast Rica June 2001

The document contains the results and presentations of a regional workshop in Mesoamerica and the Caribbean about the threat of invasive alien species. There is some discussion on the presence and impacts of invasive species in the region, as well as a number of case studies. Information on global and regional maangement strategies is also available.

Mexico: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Mexico

Micronesia Regional Invasive Species Council (RISC) Strategic Action Plan 2012 - 2016

The five strategic goals of the 2012-­‐2016 RISC SAP are:
1. Provide updates and recommendations to enable the RISC-­‐member Chief Executives to make informed decisions and take effective actions on invasive species policy and management;
2. Promote public awareness and education regarding invasive species and biosecurity;
3. Foster regional and international communication and cooperation on invasive species and biosecurity;
4. Support and recommend the development and implementation of coordinated efforts to enhance regional biosecurity; and,
5. Develop human and financial resources to implement RISC goals.

Mimosa pigra: National Best Practice Management Manual

This manual is designed to help you make informed decisions about how to plan and carry out your mimosa control program. It is also designed so that landholders without significant mimosa infestations know how to recognise, monitor and prevent the establishment of mimosa on their land.

Namibia: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Namibia.

National African Boxthorn Strategic Plan

Weeds of National Significance are declared based on their invasiveness, impacts, potential for spread and significant environmental and socioeconomic impacts. African boxthorn ticks all these boxes, and in 2012 was declared a Weed of National Significance. This Strategic Plan provides guidance for the first five years of implementing a nationally coordinated approached to managing African boxthorn.

National and Regional Legislation for promotion and Support to the Prevention, Control, and Eradication of Invasive Species. Young, T.R. 2006. Paper No. 108, Environment Papers, The World Bank.

The object of this paper is to begin to develop a frame of reference for legal and administrative understanding of the range of invasives issues and possible governmental responses. While it cannot be completely comprehensive, it has sought to evaluate a wide range of national, subnational, and supranational legislation. The work is predominantly a ‘desk study’ (calling for no national visits, interviews or other on-theground evaluation), however, it is informed by the author’s prior experience as well as some ‘opportunistic’ interviews with national legislators and implementing offi cials dealing with invasive species.

National Case Studies Manual - Parkinsonia

This manual incorporates a summary of our present understanding of parkinsonia ecology and management. This technical information is supported by a variety of case studies drawn from areas that represent the Australian geographic range of this weed.

National Invasive Alien Species Strategy for Trinidad and Tobago 2011

The purpose of the NISS is to provide a framework to effectively manage potential as well as established IAS in Trinidad and Tobago.

National Invasive Species Action Plan, Samoa, July 2008 - June 2011

Samoa’s National Invasive Species Action plan (NISAP) is Samoa’s response to the threat from invasive species and sets out the framework and identifies the key initial actions that need to be undertaken to effectively assess and manage the threat and impacts of new and existing invasive species in Samoa. The actions have been prioritised, with timeframes and identification of the lead agency/group and relevant partners that will be involved in implementation.

National Invasive Species Management Plan, USA: 2008 - 2012

The problem of invasive species may at times seem overwhelming. However, considerable success is being achieved in the prevention, detection, eradication and control of some invasive species along with increasing emphasis in the restoration of ecosystems that have previously been dramatically affected by invasive species. Additional research and information exchange; new detection and eradication techniques; and innovative control methodologies and collaborative models are increasing our capacity to address invasive species problems. The 2008–2012 National Invasive Species Management Plan takes a strategic approach and builds on existing programs to maximize federal efforts over the next five years to prevent and control invasive species in order to enhance our environment, economy and human health.

National strategy model developed for Latin America

(Portuguese and Spanish; outline in English) - by the Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP) and The Nature Conservancy IAS Program for South America - Silvia Ziller, Sergio Zalba and Rafael Zenni.

NatureServe

This site offers a database of rare and endagered plants, animals and ecosystems in the United States and Canada. Species factsheets include distribution maps, conservation status, life histories and population information. Welcome to NatureServe Explorer, an authoritative source for information on more than 70,000 plants, animals, and ecosystems of the United States and Canada. Explorer includes particularly in-depth coverage for rare and endangered species.

Neighborhood watch : early detection and rapid response to biological invasion along US trade pathways

This report offers recommendations to improve biosecurity measures at US ports, as well as a possible funding mechanism based upon the polluter-pays principle.

Netherlands: Thematic Report to CBD on Invasive And Alien Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species int he Netherlands

New Zealand: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report and comments on alien and invasive species in New Zealand

Niger: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Niger

NISSAP - Samoa

National invasive species action plan 2008-2011- Samoa

NISSAP - Uganda

National Invasive Species Strategy, Action Plan and Policy Guidelines for Uganda This project aims to reduce and possibly remove barriers to the management of IAS through effective implementation of CBD Article 8(h) in 4 pilot countries (Ethiopia, Ghana, Uganda, Zambia), using a multisectoral ecosystem approach. In each country an enabling policy environment will be promoted through the establishment of appropriate institutional arrangements to ensure that IAS strategies are mainstreamed; stakeholder awareness of IAS issues will be raised and access to necessary information provided; prevention and control programmes will be established, including ecosystem management at pilot sites where IAS threaten biodiversity; capacity for sustainable IAS management will be built. Lessons learned will be disseminated for replication in other countries in Africa.

NISSAP – South Africa

Invasive species South Africa.
Website covering all of south Africa with an agricultural focus on plants and animals, regularly updated and with resources on policy and methods of control.

North American Invasive Species Network (NAISN)

The North American Invasive Species Network (NAISN) is an American 501(c)3 non-profit organization that was formed in 2010 by university and government scientists from across North America. The countries of Mexico and Canada participate as NAISN members through a Memorandum of Understanding. Membership is targeted toward regional university centers and institutes, government institutions, non-profit organizations, research labs, and/or other groups and individuals with invasive species interests and qualifications that are valuable to the mission of NAISN. Because invasive species cross governmental jurisdictional boundary lines, NAISN aims to unify and connect existing regional invasive species efforts into a single network to improve communication, collaboration, and overall coordination to help current invasive species management and prevention efforts across the continent.

Norway: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report and additional comments on alien and invasive species in Norway

OIE standards on animal diseases

The OIE standards provide measures to ensure safe international trade in animals and animal products as well as measures for disease control and eradication. The OIE standards cover various internationally important animal diseases, some of which are considered to be invasive alien species based on the CBD definition. The OIE standards on animal diseases (and import risk analysis (animal disease pathogens)) are presented in two Codes, i.e. Terrestrial Animal Health Code and Aquatic Animal Health Code and two Manuals, i.e. Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines of Terrestrial Animals and Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals.

There are links from the page to (the Terrestrial Animal Health Code),The
(Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals), The
(Aquatic Animal Health Code and the
(Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals.

Oman: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Oman

Pakistan: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Pakistan

Palau National Invasive Species Strategy

Recognizing the serious dangers posed by invasive species, the President of the Republic of Palau issued Executive Order 219 (see Appendix II) on November 28, 2004, directing the National Environmental Protection Council (NEPC) to address the problem of invasive species. The NEPC created the National Invasive Species Committee (NISC) in February 2004 through Resolution 2 (see Appendix III) to carry out the President’s directive. The NEPC then directed the NISC to draft a National Invasive Species Strategy within six months. The Committee first met in March, 2004, and submitted the first draft of the Strategy to the NEPC in September, 2004. The NISC reviewed documents on invasive species management from Australia, the South Pacific Regional Environmental Program (SPREP), the Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP), the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Bahamas National Invasive Species Strategy. Using the Bahamas Strategy as a starting point, the NISC drafted the Palau National Invasive Species Strategy.

Pallewatta, N., J.K. Reaser & A. Gutierrez (eds.). 2003. Prevention and Management of Invasive Alien Species: Proceedings of a Workshop on Forging Cooperation throughout South and Southeast Asia. Global Invasive Species Programme, Cape Town, South Africa.

Asia is experiencing a significant increase in economic activity within the region, and between it and other parts of the world. Adoption of increasingly liberal trade policies (e.g. emergence of preferential trade agreements) and higher volumes of tourism will undoubtedly facilitate more biological invasions. The risk that these alien species will cause significant harm is exacerbated by a considerable lack of awareness of the severity of the IAS problem (especially among policy makers), as well as seriously inadequate technical support. It was within this context that the South and Southeast Asia regional workshop on IAS was organised by the Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP) and partners in 2002 in Bangkok, Thailand. This meeting was one of six regional IAS workshops held by GISP and the U.S. government in 2001-2004. The others included: the Baltic/Nordic region (May 2001), South America (October 2001), Southern Africa (June 2002), the Austral Pacific region (October 2002), and West Africa (rescheduled for March 2004). Each meeting has resulted in a regional statement, meeting report (including draft regional action plans), and development or strengthening of regional directories of information resources on IAS.

Pallewatta, N., J.K. Reaser, and A.T. Gutierrez. (eds.). 2003. Invasive Alien Species in South-Southeast Asia: National Reports & Directory of Resources. Global Invasive Species Programme, Cape Town, South Africa.

This report is a product of a workshop entitled Prevention and Management of Invasive Alien Species: Forging Cooperation throughout South and Southeast Asia, held by the Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP) in Bankok, Thailand on 14-16 August 2002.

Panama: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species in Panama

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Panama

Parthenium Weed Management

This book describes parthenium weed and provides basic information about its ecology and biology, reproduction and
spread, current distribution, and potential threat. It also provides information on management and control aspects including spread minimisation, pasture management, herbicide use, biological control and health aspects.

Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity

All Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity are automatically members of the GIASIPartnership. Parties do not sign a separate MoC with the CBD Secretariat, and are considered Partners through the CBD Secretariat’s signing of the Memoranda of Cooperation. National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans, other policy-relevant information and other reports are listed on a page linked to from the Party name.

People's Republic of China: Thematic Report to CBD on Invasive and Alien Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on invasive and alien species in China

Peru: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Peru

Poland: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Poland

Pond apple Management

This manual outlines the ecology and threat of pond apple and a range of control methods and planning tools.

Prevention and Management of Alien Invasive Species: Forging Cooperation throughout West Africa. Proceedings of a workshop held in Accra, Ghana, 9-11 March, 2004. CAB International, Nairobi, Kenya

These are the proceedings and presentations from a workshop attended by representatives from sixteen West African countries. The aim of the workshop was to promoting information exchange and regional collaboration and cooperative action, with regards to the issue of invasive alien species management. The appendices include reports from a number of countries on specific invasive alien species problems.

Prevention and management of Invasive Alien Species: Proceedings of a workshop on forging cooperation throughout South America in English/Spanish/Portuguese

These are the proceedings of a workshop with the objective of forging regional cooperation in the management of invasive alien species in South America.

Prickly acacia National Case Studies Manual

This publication is a companion to the Prickly Acacia Best Practice Manual released in July 2000, which presented a technical overview of prickly acacia ecology and the ‘tool box’ of available management strategies and control options. This manual goes one step further—it shows how landholders, community and industry groups, local governments and agencies have applied these tools and strategies in different situations, and shows the approaches being taken by land managers to contain, eradicate or prevent the spread of prickly acacia.

Procedimientos para el desarrollo de la estrategia nacional de control y gestión del agua de lastre y sedimentos de los buques

Procedures for the Development of the National Strategy for Control and Water Management Ballast and Sediments. (Spanish) Guidelines for development of a national ballast water management strategy.

Proceedings of the Regional Workshop on Invasive Alien Species and Terrestrial Ecosystem Rehabilitation for Western Indian Ocean Island states – Sharing Experience, Identifying Priorities and Defining Joint Action, Seychelles 13 - 17th October 2003.

Proceedings of the Regional Workshop on Invasive Alien Species and Terrestrial Ecosystem Rehabilitation for Western Indian Ocean Island states – Sharing Experience, Identifying Priorities and Defining Joint Action, Seychelles 13 - 17th October 2003. J.R. Mauremootoo J.R. (Editor)

Regional workshop on invasive alien species and terrestrial ecosystem rehabilitation for Western Indian Ocean island states : sharing experience, identifying priorities and defining joint action, workshop proceedings

This is a collection of papers and presentatiosn from the Regional Workshop on Invasive Alien Species and Terrestrial Ecosystem Rehabilitation for Western Indian Ocean island states. It contains studies of species-led invasive alien species management and area-led management. There is also a list of relevant resources at the end of the document.

Removing Barriers to Invasive Plant Management in Africa - Consolidated Mid Term Review Report

Invasive Plant Management in Africa - Consolidated Mid Term Review Report.

Removing Barriers to Invasive Species Management in Production and Protection Forest in Southeast Asia

GEF Forest Invasives SEA
Goal and objectives of this project are to manage Southeast Asian forests and biodiversity sustainably by reducing negative environmental, economic and human health consequences of invasive alien species
The project comprises of five technical and two project management components.

Republic of Korea: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Korea

Republic of Macedonia: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species of the Republic of Macedonia

Republic of Moldova: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invaisve species in the Republic of Moldova

Republic of Seychelles: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in the Republic of Seychelles

Review of progress towards the alligator weed strategic plan 2008 - 2009

The National Aquatic Weeds Management Group (NAWMG) continued to oversee implementation of National Alligator Weed Strategic Plan and provide national coordination during the 2008/2009 financial year. This report documents the progress towards implementation of this plan.

Risk Assessment for the Import and Keeping of Exotic Vertebrates in Australia. Recalibration and refinement of models

This report examines the factors that can be used to distinguish between species that pose a high risk of becoming a new pest and those that pose a lower risk. This information is used to construct a scientifically based risk assessment model to evaluate the risks posed by the import and keeping of exotic species in Australia. This report provides information and guidance that will assist those responsible for assessing and managing the risks posed by the import and keeping of exotic vertebrates, including government policy makers, quarantine officials and wildlife managers.

Risk assessment protocols and decision making tools for use of alien species in aquaculture and stock enhancement (Copp et al. 2008)

The ENSARS provides a structured framework for evaluating the risks of escape, introduction to and establishment in open waters, of any non-native aquatic organism being used (or associated with those used) in aquaculture. In addition, it provides evaluation of potential risks posed by transport pathways, rearing facilities, non-target infectious agents, and the potential organism, ecosystem and socio-economic impacts.

Romania: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Romania

Rubber Vine Management

This manual outlines a range of strategies and methods for the control of rubber vine. It includes case studies written by land mangers, who explain why and how they control it. They also discuss their motivations for doing so—these include improving productivity, being responsible landholders, removing the pest from their best country, and protecting properties downstream.

Saint Lucia National Invasive Species Strategy

The goals of the NISS are four-fold and aim to minimize the harmful effects of invasive species on the environment, economy and society of Saint Lucia:
[1] to provide a national framework for invasive species prevention and management;
[2] to prevent introduction and establishment of further invasions;
[3] to reduce the impacts of invasive species already present in the country through a hierarchical approach comprising (i) Early Detection and Rapid Response (EDRR), (ii) Eradication, (iii) Mitigation and Containment, (iv) Restoration;
[4] to strengthen Saint Lucia’s participation in regional and international efforts for invasive species prevention and management.

Securing protected areas in the face of global change : key lessons learned from case studies and field learning sites in protected areas

New institutional policies require new social arrangements among communities and government bureaus. Through a selection of field learning sites and case studies, this report presents a synthesis of lessons learned and invites readers to investigate areas of interest in more depth.

Senegal: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Senegal

Serrated Tussock (Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance)

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of serrated tussock (Nassella trichotoma) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework, a best practice management guide, a best practice management manual, management and distribution maps as well as links to national strategies.

Shine, C., J.K. Reaser, and A.T. Gutierrez. (eds.). 2003. Invasive alien species in the Austral Pacific Region: National Reports & Directory of Resources. Global Invasive Species Programme, Cape Town, South Africa.

This document contains the national reports from a range of countries in the Austral-Pacific region. Each report contains information on known invasive alien species problems within respective countries, current management and prevention strategies, objectives and contact information for relevant departments, priorities for future work on IAS, a list of experts, and other lists to relevant resources.

Shine, C., J.K. Reaser, and A.T. Gutierrez. (eds.). 2003. Prevention and Management of Invasive Alien Species: Proceedings of a Workshop on Forging Cooperation throughout the Austral-Pacific. Global Invasive Species Programme, Cape Town, South Africa.

These are the proceedings of a workshop targeting the prevention and management of invasive species in the Austral-Pacific region. The document covers information on socioeconomic and other human impacts, policy information and regional management strategies. This workshop was the sixth in a series of seven regional workshops coordinated by the Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP) and its partners, the World Conservation Union-IUCN and CAB International.

Singapore: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Singapore

Slovakia: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Slovakia

South Atlantic Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan 2010

The Strategy aims to provide a focus for the South Atlantic Overseas Territories to develop effective prevention and response measures for invasive species and thus reduce damage to their natural heritage, communities, livelihoods and options for future development.

Sri Lanka: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Sri Lanka

State of Qatar: Thematic Report to CBD on Invasive Alien Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic Report on Invasive Alien Species

Strategy and Action Plan For Invasive Alien Species in the Caribbean Region (CABI - 2011-2016).

This CIAS-Strategy seeks to establish a framework for Invasive Alien Species management in the Caribbean Region by addressing the following two main challenges: The need to strengthen existing national and regional programmes that protect the natural resources which are under pressure from the entry and establishment of Invasive Alien Species through increased global trade and travel and The need to develop new or enhance current national and regional coordination and cooperation mechanisms that will allow a more rapid and efficient response to new and existing alien species invasions.

Sweden: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Sweden

Switzerland: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Switzerland

Terrestrial Animal Health Code

The OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code (the Terrestrial Code) sets out standards for the improvement of animal health and welfare and veterinary public health worldwide, including through standards for safe international trade in terrestrial animals (mammals, birds and bees) and their products.

Thailand: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Thailand

The great reshuffling : human dimensions of invasive alien species

This compilation of papers delivered during a workshop on the human dimensions of the IAS problem, held in Cape Town, South Africa on 15-17 September 2000, covers some of the many causes, consequences and responses to this problem.

The IMO Technical Guidelines

Technical Guidelines to support the BWM Convention. A number of technical guidelines have been developed and adopted since MEPC 53 to support the uniform implementation of the BWM Convention.

The Malta Environment and Planning Authority (MEPA) - Code of Conduct on Horticulture & Invasive Alien Plants (2011)

This booklet is an abridged version of the Code of Conduct on Horticulture and IAPs for European and Mediterranean Countries produced by The European Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO) and the Council of Europe (CoE) under the framework of the Bern Convention published in 2009,including information relevant for Malta. It mainly addresses the horticultural sector (including plant and seed introducers/importers, plant nurseries, garden centres) and those entities engaged in landscaping and afforestation.

The Malta Environment and Planning Authority (MEPA) - Guidelines on Alien Plant Species

Guidelines supporting the implementation of Malta’s National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2012-2020) invasive plants and improving the conservation status of native plant communities. The main substance of these guidelines details the steps to follow when curtailing the spread of invasive plants, and when planning native species recovery programmes. They target managers of protected areas and entities involved in the removal of invasive plants and habitat management and/or restoration. The document also serves as guidance to be followed when implementing conditions on alien plant removal that may accompany development permits. It has been developed bearing in mind the guidance provided by Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) and other documents of best practice in invasive species management and habitat management/restoration of plant communities.

The National Invasive Species Strategy for the Bahamas

This project builds on initial work completed under the Inter-American Biodiversity Information Network (IABIN) Invasives Information Network Project in which databases on invasives species, expertise and programmes were developed and made accessible on the Worldwide Web. This phased approach has been very successful and it is intended that the work on this issue will continue, resulting in the development of a comprehensive infrastructure that will prevent the entry and establishment of unwanted invasive species and other biological threats to the biodiversity of the Bahamian islands.

The Philippines: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in the Philippines

The socioeconomic links between invasive alien species and poverty. Perrings C. 2005. Report to the Global Invasive Species Program.

The problem addressed in this report is the linkage between poverty and invasive alien species (IAS) – the introduction, establishment and spread of species outside of their original range.

The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)

The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) is an intergovernmental organisation with a mandate from its 178 Members to improve animal health worldwide. The OIE is the reference standard-setting international organisation according to the Agreement of the World Trade Organisation. It is responsible for ensuring transparency of the animal disease situation worldwide, including diseases transmissible to humans, as well as safeguarding the sanitary safety of world trade of animals and animal products and ensuring food safety. Since 2000 the organisation also publishes international standards on animal welfare.

Tilapias as alien aquatics in Asia and the Pacific: a review. De Silva, S.S; Subasinghe, R.P.; Bartley, D.M.; Lowther, A.: FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 453. Rome, FAO. 2004. 65p.

Tilapias are not native to Asia but have been a significant component of inland fisheries and aquaculture in the region for over half a century. They have been introduced into over 90 countries worldwide, with a global distribution second only to common carp. The contribution of tilapias to global aquaculture production has increased over the past three decades with production in 2002 exceeding 1.5 million tonnes with an estimated value of US$1.8 billion. The average annual growth rate in aquaculture and capture fisheries production of tilapias from 1970 to 2002 has been 13.2 percent and 3.5 percent, respectively. In the present context of development, success of a species is determined not only by its contribution to production per se, but also by its social, cultural, economic and environmental impacts. Although tilapia has been associated with adverse environmental impacts, detailed analysis of the literature suggested that other factors, such as overfishing, environmental degradation from land-based activities, and changes in hydrological regime have probably been more responsible for adverse impacts. It is clear that numerous factors working together can impact biodiversity. It is also clear that tilapias, as a group of alien species, have made a significant contribution to food production, poverty alleviation and livelihoods support in Asia and the Pacific. In spite of the wide-scale introduction into Asian waters, there is scant explicit evidence to indicate that tilapias have been overly destructive environmentally.

Trade and invasive species in the Caribbean : a universe of risk

This report represents the preliminary steps in the triage and identification of pathways of high risk in the Caribbean. Its objective is to suggest priority areas for international cooperation in the management of risk from invasive species introductions via trade-related pathways in the Caribbean.

Tropical Asia invaded: the growing danger of invasive alien species.

Tropical Asia is a region of mostly developing and emerging economies, many of which are dependent on agricultural, forestry, fishery and aquacultural resources as well as on ecotourism for growth, development and economic prosperity. Tropical Asia also boasts four of the twelve megadiversity centres of the world. Thus, the issue and threat of invasive alien species are very real and significant as exemplified by cases such as the golden apple snail, oriental fruitfly, shrimp whitespot virus, water hyacinth, avian influenza virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus and many others. The publication of this book by the Global Invasive Species Program (GISP) is, therefore, very timely to further promote awareness, focus and action on this destructive scourge across a wide spectrum of communities in tropical Asia.

Turkey: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Turkey

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

The USFWS pages on Aquatic Invasive Species includes a range of information on aquatic invasives in the USA, including policies and the Aquatic Invasive Species programme.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service - ANS laws

Laws, policies and regulations regarding Aquatic invasive species in the U.S.A. are listed on the U.S. Fish and Wildlife pages on Aquatic Invasive Species.

UICN - French Comission of the IUCN

Website of the initiative on invasive alien species in the French communities oversese Invasive alien species are one of the main threats to biodiversity overseas and are a growing challenge for these territories to the exceptional natural resources. Facing this challenge, the French Committee of IUCN urged a specific initiative in ultra-marines communities, based on the mobilization of all stakeholders. Developed as part of this initiative, this Web site provides today access to scientific, technical and legal information on invasive alien species that threaten ecosystems and native of overseas and on strategies to better manage"

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on alien and invasive species in the UK

United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP)- Bioenergy Issue Paper Series No 3: Gain or Pain Biofuels and Invasive Species

The document is part of a series of articles concerning the use of species with high invasive potential for biofuel production. Included are the invasive risks of biofuel crops, prevention and mitigation options, case studies and definitions, a list of relevant resources, as well as a guide for policy makers, investors and developers.

United Republic of Tanzania: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic report on invasive and alien species in Tanzania.

Uruguay: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Convention on Biological Diversity. Thematic rpeort on alien and invasive species in Uruguay

Vietnam: Thematic Report to CBD on Alien and Invasive Species

Thematic report on alien and invasive species in Vietnam

Voluntary Code of Conduct for Saint Lucia’s Ornamental Plant Sector

Report produced by the public and private partners attending the Ornamental Plants and Invasive Alien Species Workshop in Saint Lucia 2011 under the project: Mitigating the Threats of Invasive Alien Species in the Insular Caribbean

Weed Management Guide - African Boxthorn

This is a guide to managing the invasive weed, African Boxthorn (Lycium ferocissimum). It includes important information such as the weed's identification, ecology, dispersal method, and suitable control techniques. Additionally, there is a distribution map and a case study.

Weed Management Guide - Bellyache Bush

This guide contains information on the plant's ecology, identification, distribution and method of dispersal, management and legislation. Included are a list of weed control contacts and a case study.

Weed Management Guide: Madeira Vine (Anredera cordifolia)

This is a guide to managing Madeira Vine. It contains information on the species' ecology, history and methods of spread, distribution, management strategies and control methods (including biocontrol), and legislation.

Weed Management Guiude: Opuntioid Cacti including Austrocylindropuntia, Cylindropuntia and Opuntia species.

This is a guide to managing opuntioid cacti in Australia. It contains information on the species' ecology, history and methods of spread, distribution (with maps), control methods including biocontrol, legislation, identification, and case studies.

Weeds Australia

Users can perform keyword searches for weeds and weed management in Australia. Relevant documents in PDF or other formats will be shown. The site also provides links and information to national weed strategies, weed identification, a glossary of acronyms, a list of noxious weeds and other resources. This site has been created by the Australian Weeds Committee to promote access to key weed policies, regulations, current issues, national initiatives, research, extension, training and personnel. It is our hope that anyone involved in weed management will find this site useful and provide feedback and comment, so that it can be continually improved.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - African Boxthorn

This page contains information and useful links to the identification, ecology, legislation, management and strategic plan of the African Boxthorn (Lycium ferocissimum).

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Alligator Weed

This page provides information and useful links to the policy information, strategic plans, distribution map and management of alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) in Australia.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Athel Pine

This site provides extensive information on the spread, distribution and management of Athel Pine (Tamarix aphylla) in Australia. Included on this site are links to resources such as the national priority framework, a potential distribution map, a management map, a best practice management manual, a review of progress strategic plan, and links to other relevant documents and resources.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Bitou Bush / Boneseed

This page contains extensive information on the management of bitou bush /boneseed (Chrysanthemoides monilifera). Information includes national priority action frameworks, management maps, management manuals, monitoring manuals, and national strategic plans.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Blackberry

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of blackberry (Rubus fruticosus agg.) in Australia. This includes funding priorities information, management and distribution maps, a control manual, a control brochure, a list of state contacts, and other resources e.g. national strategy plans.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Bridal Creeper

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of bridal creeper (Asparagus asparagoides) in Australia. This includes the national priority framework, management and distribution maps,a best practice management manual, and other resources e.g. national strategy plans.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Brooms

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of broom species (Cytisus scoparius, Genista monspessulana, Genista linifolia) in Australia. This includes strategic plans, identification aids, management and distribution maps, and a brooms weed management guide.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Cabomba

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of cabomba (Cabomba caroliniana) in Australia. This includes the national priority framework, a control manual, management and distribution maps, and national strategies

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Cat's Claw Creeper

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of cat's claw creeper (Dolichandra unguis-cati)) in Australia. This includes a plant identification resource and the national strategy (2012 - 2017).

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Chilean Needle Grass

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of Chilean needle grass (Nassella neesiana)) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework, a best practice management manual, management and potential distribution maps, and national strategies.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Fireweed

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis) in Australia. This includes a strategic plan, a best practice management manual,a national management guide, and a plant identification resource.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Gorse

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of gorse (Ulex europaeus) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework, management and potential distribution maps, a best practice manual, and links to gorse national strategies.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Hymenachne

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of Hymenachne (Hymenachne amplexicaulus) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework, management and potential distribution maps, a national management manual, GIS data (shapefiles and metadata) and links to national strategies.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Lantana

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of lantana (Lantana camara) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework, management and potential distribution maps, remote sensing maps, a best practice manual and decision support tool, national plans for lantana, contacts for the National Lantana Management Group and links to national strategies.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Madeira Vine

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of Madeira vine (Anredera cordifolia) in Australia. This includes a plant identification resource, a weed management guide and a national strategy for the species.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Mesquite

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of mesquite (Prosopis spp.) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework for the species, national strategies, management and potential distribution maps, and a best practice management manual.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Mimosa

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of mimosa (Mimosa pigra) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework for the species, national strategies, management and potential distribution maps, a list of contacts across different states and a national management manual. There are also links to other relevant resources such as video footage, information sheets and information on biocontrol.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Opuntioid Cacti

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of Opuntioid cacti (Opuntia spp., Cylindropuntia spp., Austrocylindroppuntia spp.) in Australia. This includes a national strategic plan, a weed management guide, and management and distribution maps as well as links to identification resources.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Parkinsonia

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of Parkinsonia (Parkinsonia aculeata) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework, a best practice management manual, and management and distribution maps as well as links to national strategies

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Parthenium

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework, a management manual, and management and distribution maps as well as links to national strategies.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Pond Apple

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of pond apple (Annona glabra) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework, a national management manual, a list of state contacts, and management and distribution maps as well as links to national strategies.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Prickly Acacia

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of prickly acacia (Acacia nilotica subsp. indica) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework, a best practice management manual, management and distribution maps as well as links to national strategies.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Rubber Vine

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of rubber vine (Cryptostegia grandiflora) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework, a management manual, management and distribution maps as well as links to national strategies.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Sagittaria

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of Sagittaria (Sagittaria platyphylla) in Australia. This includes a plant identification resource and a link to download the national strategy.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Salvinia

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of Salvinia (Salvinia molesta) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework, a control manual, management and distribution maps as well as links to national strategies.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Water Hyacinth

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in Australia. This includes an identification resource and a management guide as well as a national strategy.

Weeds Australia - Weeds of National Significance - Willows

This page provides information and links to useful resources on the management of willows (Salix spp.) in Australia. This includes a national priority action framework, research priorities and other resources, a management guide, management and distribution maps as well as links to national strategies.

WTO/STDF - STDF page on invasive alien species

Links to Standards and Trade Development Facility (STDF) publications on IAS.

Young T., R. (2006). National and Regional Legislation for Promotion and Support to the Prevention, Control, and Eradication of Invasive Species. Biodiversity series, Paper No 108. 98 pp. Published by The World Bank Environment Department (2006).

The publication addresses different aspects of the invasive alien species issue, but has a lot of content relating to prevention. Part I provides a conceptual and scientific summary and introduction, and Part II provides a very brief overview of some of the key global developments in the field, while Part III examines in greater detail the legislative tools available for use in the control of species introduction, and invasive species. Part IV discusses some of the special concerns relating to the process of building one, or more legislative frameworks utilizing the legislative tools described in Part III, and, provides, in some cases, a brief identification of how the selection and use of those tools might differ within the developing country context.

Scratchpads developed and conceived by (alphabetical): Ed Baker, Katherine Bouton Alice Heaton Dimitris Koureas, Laurence Livermore, Dave Roberts, Simon Rycroft, Ben Scott, Vince Smith