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Species
Eleutherodactylus planirostris (Cope, 1862)
IUCN
NCBI
EOL Text
Global Range: Native to Cuba and the Bahamas (Schwartz and Henderson 1991). Introduced and established in Jamaica, Cayman Islands, Caicos Islands, Grenada, Mexico, Florida (e.g., Johnson et al., 2003, Herpetol. Rev. 34:161-162; Lillywhite and Sheehy, 2004, Herpetol. Rev. 35:78), Georgia (Winn et al., 1999, Herpetol. Rev. 30:49), Louisiana (Platt and Fontenot 1995, Herpetol. Rev. 26:207), Mississippi (Dinsmore 2004), and Hawaii (Kraus et al. 1999). Introduced in Alabama; unknown whether established there. Indoor (e.g., greenhouse) populations exist in Missouri and Oklahoma. Recently reported from Guam (USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database).
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
There are 4 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank.
Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species.
See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
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Greenhouse frogs are native to Cuba, Isla de Pinos, the Cayman Islands including Grand Cayman and Cayman Brac, and the Bahama islands including Grand Bahama, Great Abaco, New Providence, Eleuthera, Andros, the Berry Islands, the Bimini Islands, the Exuma Cays, Green Cay, Cat, Long, and San Salvador (Schwartz 1974). Greenhouse frogs have been introduced in Florida, Louisiana near New Orleans (Dundee and Rossman 1989; Conant and Collins 1991), Georgia (Winn et al. 1999), Hawaii (Kraus et al. 1999), Guam (Christy et al. 2007), Jamaica (Pough et al. 1977), and Honduras (McCranie et al. 2008). There are also records from the Mexican mainland (Veracruz), although this species has not been seen there since the 1970s (Schwartz 1974; Hedges et al. 2004). The altitudinal range is from sea level to 727 m asl (Hedges et al. 2004).
These frogs can be found in a variety of terrestrial habitats, including forests, caves, gardens, and urban areas. On Grand Cayman it inhabits arboreal bromeliads (Hedges et al. 2004).
- Conant, R. and Collins, J. T. (1991). A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians: Eastern/Central North America. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.
- Wright, A. H. and Wright, A. A. (1949). Handbook of Frogs and Toads of the United States and Canada. Comstock Publishing Company, Inc., Ithaca, New York.
- Behler, J. L. (1979). The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Reptiles and Amphibians. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York.
- Ashton, R. E. and Ashton, P. S. (1988). Handbook of Reptiles and Amphibians of Florida. Part Three, The Amphibians.. Windward Publishing, Miami.
- Kraus, F., Campbell, E.W., Allison, A. and Pratt, T. (1999). ''Eleutherodactylus frog introductions to Hawaii.'' Herpetological Review, 30, 21-25.
- Carmichael, P. and Williams, W. (1991). Florida's Fabulous Reptiles and Amphibians. World Publications, Tampa.
- Christy, M. T., Clark, C. S., Gee II, D. E., Vice, D., Vice, D. S., Warner, M. P., Tyrrell, C. L., Rodda, G. H. and Savidge, J.A. (2007). ''Recent records of alien anurans on the Pacific Island of Guam.'' Pacific Science, 61, 469-483.
- Duellman, W. E. and Schwartz, A. (1958). Amphibians and Reptiles of Southern Florida. Volume 3. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Gainesville.
- Dundee, H. A. and Rossman, D. A. (1989). The Amphibians and Reptiles of Louisiana. Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge.
- Goin, C. J. (1947). ''Studies on the life history of Eleutherodactylus ricordii planirostris (Cope) in Florida.'' University of Florida Studies, Biological Sciences Series, 4(2), 1-66.
- Goin, O. B., Goin, C. J., and Bachmann, K. (1968). ''DNA and amphibian life history.'' Copeia, 1968(3), 532-540.
- Heinicke, M. P., Diaz, L. M., and Hedges, S. B. (2011). ''Origin of invasive Florida frogs traced to Cuba.'' Biology Letters, doi: doi:10.1098/rsbl.2010.1131.
- Neill, W. T. (1951). ''A bromeliad herpetofauna in Florida.'' Ecology, 32(1), 140-143.
- Pough, F. H., Stewart, M. M., and Thomas, R. G. (1977). ''Physiological basis of habitat partitioning in Jamaican Eleutherodactylus.'' Oecologia, 27, 285-293.
- Schwartz, A. (1974). ''Eleutherodactylus planirostris.'' Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, 154.1-154.4.
- Shreve, B. (1945). ''Application of the name Eleutherodactylus ricordii.'' Copeia, 1945(2), 117.
- Smith, H. M., and Kohler, A. J. (1977). ''A survey of herpetological introductions in the United States and Canada.'' Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, 80(1), 1-24.
- Wilson, L. D. and Porras, L. (1983). The Ecological Impact of Man on the South Florida Herpetofauna. University of Kansas Museum of Natural History Special Publication No. 9, Lawrence, Kansas.
- Winn, B., Jensen, J. B., and Johnson, S. (1999). ''Eleutherodactylus planirostris (greenhouse frog).'' Herpetological Review, 30(1), 49.
- Hedges, B., DÃaz, L., and Powell, R. 2004. Eleutherodactylus planirostris. In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 27 January 2011.
- McCranie, J. R., Collart, J. R., Castañeda, F. E., and Solis, J. M. (2008). ''Geographic distribution. Eleutherodactylus (Euhyas) planirostris (Greenhouse Frog).'' Herpetological Review , 39, 362â"363.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | See http://www.amphibiaweb.org/datause.html. |
Source | http://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?where-genus=Eleutherodactylus&where-species=planirostris&account=amphibiaweb |
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 2
Specimens with Barcodes: 2
Species With Barcodes: 1
The greenhouse frog is native to Cuba (e.g., Conant and Collins 1991; Christy et al. 2007). Some authors consider them to be native in the Bahamas (at least the northern Bahamas), the Cayman Islands, and Caicos Islands as well, athough there does not appear to be consensus on this.
The greenhouse frog has established populations on other Caribbean islands, including Jamaica and Granada, in addition to well established populations on the Hawaiian islands of (at least) Kauai, Maui, Oahu, and Hawaii (the Big Island) (Kraus et al. 1999; Kraus and Campbell 2002). This species was found on Guam (which it most likely reached by hitchiking on ornamental plants from Hawaii) in 2003 and appears to be established there (Christy et al. 2007). The greenhouse frog is widespread in Florida, from which it was first recorded in 1875. It is generally assumed that these populations are not native (e.g., Conant and Collins 1991), although Hedges et al. (2008) indicate that this is an unsettled question. Populations have also been established in Georgia, Louisiana, and Alabama. Historically, the greenhouse frog has been recorded as an introduced species from Veracruz, Mexico. The fact that the eggs of the greenhouse frog are terrestrial facilitates their accidental transfer by humans.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Shapiro, Leo, Shapiro, Leo, EOL Rapid Response Team |
Source | http://eolspecies.lifedesks.org/pages/18873 |
Red List Criteria
Year Assessed
- Needs updating
Assessor/s
Reviewer/s
Contributor/s
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
Source | http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/56864 |
The greenhouse frog has two forms, one striped with longitudinal light stripes and another mottled with irregular dark and light markings (Conant and Collins 1991). The general coloration is brown, but usually with distinct reddish tones. The eyes are reddish and the belly is white. Young greenhouse frogs (froglets) have a tiny tail at hatching (there is no tadpole larva stage).
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Shapiro, Leo, Shapiro, Leo, EOL Rapid Response Team |
Source | http://eolspecies.lifedesks.org/pages/18873 |
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: NNA - Not Applicable
Length: 3 cm
Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure
Intrinsic Vulnerability: Moderately vulnerable
Environmental Specificity: Broad. Generalist or community with all key requirements common.