You are here
Species
Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, 1908
IUCN
NCBI
EOL Text
Wenninger and Hall (2007, 2008) investigated several aspects of reproduction in Diaphorina citri.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Leo Shapiro, Leo Shapiro |
Source | No source database. |
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
There are 210 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank.
Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species.
See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
-- end --
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 210
Specimens with Barcodes: 211
Species With Barcodes: 1
Press release from USA Save our Citrus campaign.
License | http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Cyndy Parr, Cyndy Parr |
Source | http://www.prweb.com/releases/prweb2012/12/prweb10199249.htm |
琉灰蝶在臺灣的數量稀少且分佈侷限,目前僅在中部部份中低海拔山區有較為穩定的族群,臺灣以外本種的分佈十分廣泛,幾乎涵蓋整個古北區及新北區,大部分的分佈區域本種都頗為常見。
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | ©廖一璋 [published on TaiEOL] |
Source | http://eol.taibif.tw/pages/95259 |
Halbert and Manjunath (2004) reviewed the literature on huanglongbing, or citrus greening disease, and the Asian Citrus Psyllid (Diaphorina citri), one of the two known vectors of this serious citrus disease.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Leo Shapiro, Leo Shapiro |
Source | No source database. |
The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, is a sap-sucking, hemipteran bug in the family, Psyllidae. It is an important pest of citrus being one of only two known vectors of the serious citrus disease, Huanglongbing or greening disease. It is widely distributed in southern Asia, where it originated, and has spread to other citrus growing region in parts of the Middle East, South and Central America, Mexico and the Caribbean. In the United States, this psyllid was first detected in Florida in 1998 and is now also found in Louisiana, Georgia, South Carolina, and California. The adult psyllid is about four millimetres long with a fawn and brown mottled body and a light brown head. It is covered with a whitish, waxy secretion which makes it look dusty. The forewings are broadest at the back and have a dark edging around the edge with a pale gap near the top. The antennae are pale brown with black tips. It typically adopts a head down, tail up posture as it sucks sap.
Adapted from Wikipedia.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Cyndy Parr, Cyndy Parr |
Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diaphorina_citri&oldid=526552422 |
The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, is a sap-sucking, hemipteran bug in the family Psyllidae. It is an important pest of citrus, as it is one of only two confirmed vectors of the serious citrus greening disease.[1] It is widely distributed in southern Asia and has spread to other citrus growing regions.
Contents
Distribution[edit]
The Asian citrus psyllid originated in Asia but it is now also found in parts of the Middle East, South and Central America, Mexico and the Caribbean. In the United States, this psyllid was first detected in Florida in 1998 and is now also found in Louisiana, Georgia, Arizona and South Carolina.[2] In Southern California, where it first appeared in backyard citrus in 2008, an eradication programme has been instituted in an attempt to prevent it becoming established.[3][4] In the whole of the United States and its territories, areas where this psyllid are found are under quarantine restrictions.[5]
Description[edit]
The adult psyllid is about four millimetres long with a fawn and brown mottled body and a light brown head. It is covered with a whitish, waxy secretion which makes it look dusty. The forewings are broadest at the back and have a dark edging around the periphery with a pale gap near the apex. The antennae are pale brown with black tips. These features distinguish it from the superficially similar African citrus psyllid. It typically adopts a head down, tail up posture as it sucks sap. Aphids are often also present on citrus and psyllids can be distinguished from them by being more active, jumping insects, whereas aphids are sedentary. In addition, the antennae of a psyllid has ten segments whereas those of aphids usually have four or six segments. Most aphids have cornicles on the abdomen and psyllids lack these.[2]
The psyllid nymph moults five times. It is a yellowish-orange colour and has no abdominal spots. The wing pads are prominent, especially in the later instars.[2]
The eggs are approximately 0.3 millimetres long, almond-shaped, thicker at the base and tapering toward the top. They are at first a pale colour but turn yellow and later orange before they hatch. The long axis is placed vertical to the surface of the leaf.[2]
Life cycle[edit]
Eggs are laid on the tips of growing shoots, between and near the unfolding leaves. A female may lay up to 800 eggs during her lifetime which may be several months. The whole development cycle takes from two to seven weeks depending on the temperature and the time of year.[6]
Predation[edit]
The wasp species Brachygastra mellifica is a common predator to D. citri.[7]
Damage[edit]
Psyllid nymphs are found on new shoots of citrus trees. As they feed, they produce a toxin that causes the plant tips to die back or become contorted, preventing the leaves from expanding normally. Of more importance is the fact that they are vectors for the bacteria that causes one of the most devastating of citrus diseases, Huanglongbing. Affected trees bear small, asymmetrical fruit which are partially green and which are unsaleable because of their poor size and quality.[3]
Control[edit]
The Asian citrus psyllid has a number of natural enemies including hoverflies, lacewings, several species of ladybird and a number of species of parasitic wasp.[8] One of these wasps, Tamarixia radiata, has proved very effective at controlling the pest and has been successfully released and become established in a number of citrus growing areas including Florida.[9] Both adults and nymphs of the psyllid can be controlled by the use of a wide range of insecticides.[10] Citrus greening disease is best controlled through an integrated strategy involving the use of healthy planting material, the prompt removal of infected trees and branches and the control of vectors.[11]
References[edit]
- ^ Lallemand, J., A. Fos, and J. M. Bové. 1986. Transmission de la bacterie associé à la forme africaine de la maladie du “greening” par le psylle asiatique Diaphorina citri Kuwayama. Fruits 41: 341-343.
- ^ a b c d Featured Creatures
- ^ a b Center for Invasive Species Research
- ^ Citrus Blight Triggers Alarm; California Confronts Incurable, Insect-Borne Tree-Killer That Makes Fruit Bitter April 15, 2012
- ^ UDSA
- ^ Husain MA, Nath D. 1927. The citrus psylla (Diaphorina citri, Kuw.) (Psyllidae: Homoptera) Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture India 10: 1-27.
- ^ Reyes-Rosas, Marco Antonio (2013). "Brachygastra mellifica (Hymenoptera: Vespidae): Feeding Behavior and Preferential Predation on Diaphorina citri (Hempitera: Liviidae) Life Stages in México". Florida Entomologist.
- ^ Waterston J. 1922. On the chalcidoid parasites of psyllids (Hemiptera, Homoptera). Bulletin of Entomological Research 13: 41-58.
- ^ Hoy MA, Nguyen R. 2001. Classical biological control of Asian citrus psylla. Citrus Industry 81: 48-50.
- ^ Bindra OS, Sohi BS, Batra RC. 1974. Note on the comparative efficacy of some contact and systemic insecticides for the control of citrus psylla in Punjab. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science 43: 1087-1088.
- ^ http://www.springerlink.com/content/n74v37l632t71k0v/
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diaphorina_citri&oldid=647340624 |
具有寄主專一性,寄主植物為Citrus spp. (柑橘屬植物)及Murraya paniculata (Linn.) Jack (月橘),Rutaceae (芸香科)。
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | ©廖一璋 [published on TaiEOL] |
Source | http://eol.taibif.tw/pages/95259 |
http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/citrus/acpsyllid.htm
Founded in 1996 by Thomas Fasulo, Featured Creatures provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms.
The Featured Creatures site is a cooperative venture of the University of Florida's Entomology and Nematology Department and the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services' Division of Plant Industry.
Visit Featured Creatures at http://entnemdept.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures/
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Featured Creatures |
Source | http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/citrus/acpsyllid.htm |