You are here
Species
Phyllocnistis
IUCN
NCBI
EOL Text
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
Specimen Records:1871
Specimens with Sequences:1797
Specimens with Barcodes:1746
Species:31
Species With Barcodes:30
Public Records:855
Public Species:20
Public BINs:30
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 1
Species With Barcodes: 1
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 3
Species With Barcodes: 1
Phyllocnistis is a genus of moths in the family Gracillariidae.
Contents
Description[edit]
Adult[edit]
Adults of the genus Phyllocnistis are very small moths with wingspans generally not exceeding 5 mm. Both fore- and hindwings are lanceolate and predominantly white. The forewings are marked with yellow to orange, longitudinal and oblique striae, often bordered by gray or black. A few species are known to possess much darker or strikingly color patterns. The compound eyes of Phyllocnistis are reduced, with an interocular index (vertical eye diameter/minimum interocular distance) of approximately 0.9. The maxillary palpi are the most reduced among Gracillariidae, being barely evident as vestigial, non-segmented lobes at the base of the elongate proboscis. The wing venation is also reduced.
Larvae[edit]
The larvae of Phyllocnistis are among the most specialized Lepidoptera. Four instars appear to be the norm, with the first three instars possessing a sapfeeding morphology and behavior. Sapfeeding instars create a long serpentine, subepidermal mine on either the upper or lower surfaces of the host leaf. A few species also form subepidermal mines on stems and various fruits, including avocado. A characteristic, median frass trail extends the length of the mine, usually as a dark, unbroken line. The fourth instar is a highly specialized, apodal, non-feeding instar whose primary function is to spin the cocoon, at the mine terminus, prior to pupation.
Pupae[edit]
In contrast to the conservative morphology of the larval and adult stages, the pupae of Phyllocnistis are structurally diverse, particularly with regard to the development of the frontal process (cocoon-cutter) of the head. In addition, the mid-dorsal areas of abdominal terga 3–7 possess a mostly symmetrical cluster of recurved spines that frequently differ in their arrangement and form among species.[1]
Ecology[edit]
Phyllocnistis can be found on many host plants, and have been noted on plants from at least 20 families.[2] One well-known species is the citrus leafminer (Phyllocnistis citrella), a pest of plants in the family Rutaceae, especially citrus.[3]
Species[edit]
As of 2012, about 126 Phyllocnistis species have been described. This is probably a fraction of the true diversity of the genus, especially in the tropics, where there may be hundreds of species yet to be collected.[2]
- Phyllocnistis abatiae E. M. Hering, 1958
- Phyllocnistis acmias Meyrick, 1906
- Phyllocnistis ampelopsiella Chambers, 1871
- Phyllocnistis amydropa Meyrick, 1934
- Phyllocnistis argentella (Bradley, 1957)
- Phyllocnistis argothea Meyrick, 1933
- Phyllocnistis atractias Meyrick, 1906
- Phyllocnistis atranota Meyrick, 1906
- Phyllocnistis aurilinea Zeller, 1877
- Phyllocnistis baccharidis E. M. Hering, 1958
- Phyllocnistis bourquini Pastrana, 1960
- Phyllocnistis breynilla Liu & Zeng, 1989
- Phyllocnistis canariensis M. Hering, 1927
- Phyllocnistis cassiella Ghesquière, 1940
- Phyllocnistis chlorantica Seksyaeva, 1992
- Phyllocnistis chrysophthalma Meyrick, 1915
- Phyllocnistis cirrhophanes Meyrick, 1915
- Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, 1856
- Phyllocnistis citronympha Meyrick, 1926
- Phyllocnistis cornella Ermolaev, 1987
- Phyllocnistis diaugella Meyrick, 1880
- Phyllocnistis dichotoma Turner, 1947
- Phyllocnistis diplomochla Turner, 1923
- Phyllocnistis dorcas Meyrick, 1915
- Phyllocnistis drimiphaga Kawahara, Nishida & Davis, 2009
- Phyllocnistis echinodes Meyrick, 1926
- Phyllocnistis embeliella Liu & Zeng, 1989
- Phyllocnistis endoxa Meyrick, 1926
- Phyllocnistis ephimera Turner, 1926
- Phyllocnistis eurymochla Turner, 1923
- Phyllocnistis exaeta Meyrick, 1926
- Phyllocnistis exiguella van Deventer, 1904
- Phyllocnistis extrematrix Martynova, 1955
- Phyllocnistis finitima Braun, 1927
- Phyllocnistis habrochroa Meyrick, 1915
- Phyllocnistis hagnopa Meyrick, 1920
- Phyllocnistis hapalodes Meyrick, 1906
- Phyllocnistis helicodes Meyrick, 1916
- Phyllocnistis humiliella van Deventer, 1904
- Phyllocnistis hyperbolacma (Meyrick, 1931)
- Phyllocnistis hyperpersea Davis and Wagner, 2011
- Phyllocnistis insignis Frey & Boll, 1876
- Phyllocnistis intermediella Busck, 1900
- Phyllocnistis iodocella Meyrick, 1880
- Phyllocnistis labyrinthella (Bjerkander, 1790)
- Phyllocnistis leptomianta Turner, 1923
- Phyllocnistis liquidambarisella Chambers, 1875
- Phyllocnistis liriodendronella Clemens, 1863
- Phyllocnistis longipalpa Davis and Wagner, 2011
- Phyllocnistis loxosticha Bradley, 1965
- Phyllocnistis lucernifera Meyrick, 1935
- Phyllocnistis magnatella Zeller, 1873
- Phyllocnistis magnoliaeella Chambers, 1878
- Phyllocnistis maxberryi Kawahara, Nishida & Davis, 2009
- Phyllocnistis meliacella Becker, 1974
- Phyllocnistis micrographa Meyrick, 1916
- Phyllocnistis minimella van Deventer, 1904
- Phyllocnistis nepenthae M. Hering, 1931
- Phyllocnistis nymphidia Turner, 1947
- Phyllocnistis oxyopa Meyrick, 1918
- Phyllocnistis perseafolia Davis and Wagner, 2011
- Phyllocnistis pharetrucha Meyrick, 1921
- Phyllocnistis phrixopa Meyrick, 1926
- Phyllocnistis populiella Chambers, 1875
- Phyllocnistis psychina Meyrick, 1906
- Phyllocnistis puyehuensis Davis, 1994
- Phyllocnistis ramulicola Langmaid & Corley, 2007
- Phyllocnistis rotans Meyrick, 1915
- Phyllocnistis saligna (Zeller, 1839)
- Phyllocnistis sciophanta Meyrick, 1915
- Phyllocnistis selenopa Meyrick, 1915
- Phyllocnistis sexangula Meyrick, 1915
- Phyllocnistis signata Meyrick, 1915
- Phyllocnistis spatulata Meyrick, 1928
- Phyllocnistis stereograpta Meyrick, 1934
- Phyllocnistis subpersea Davis and Wagner, 2011
- Phyllocnistis symphanes Meyrick, 1926
- Phyllocnistis synglypta Meyrick, 1918
- Phyllocnistis tectonivora Meyrick, 1936
- Phyllocnistis temperatior Meyrick, 1936
- Phyllocnistis tethys Moreira & Vargas, 2012
- Phyllocnistis titania Meyrick, 1928
- Phyllocnistis toparcha Meyrick, 1918
- Phyllocnistis triortha Meyrick, 1906
- Phyllocnistis triploca Meyrick, 1928
- Phyllocnistis tropaeolicola Kawahara, Nishida & Davis, 2009
- Phyllocnistis unipunctella (Stephens, 1834)
- Phyllocnistis valentinensis M. Hering, 1936
- Phyllocnistis vitegenella Clemens, 1859
- Phyllocnistis vitella Ermolaev, 1987
- Phyllocnistis vitifoliella Chambers, 1871
- Phyllocnistis voutei M. Hering, 1932
- Phyllocnistis wampella Liu & Zeng, 1985
- Phyllocnistis wygodzinskyi E. M. Hering, 1958
- Phyllocnistis xenia M. Hering, 1936
References[edit]
- ^ Davis, D. R. and D. L. Wagner. (2011). Biology and systematics of the New World Phyllocnistis Zeller leafminers of the avocado genus Persea (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). ZooKeys 97, 39–73.
- ^ a b Brito, R., et al. (2012). A new species of Phyllocnistis Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) from southern Brazil, with life-history description and genetic comparison to congeneric species. Zootaxa 3582, 1–16.
- ^ Heppner, J. B. Phyllocnistis citrella. EENY-38. University of Florida IFAS. Published 1998, revised 2013.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phyllocnistis&oldid=576214386 |
http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/citrus/citrus_leafminer.htm
Founded in 1996 by Thomas Fasulo, Featured Creatures provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms.
The Featured Creatures site is a cooperative venture of the University of Florida's Entomology and Nematology Department and the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services' Division of Plant Industry.
Visit Featured Creatures at http://entnemdept.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures/
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Featured Creatures |
Source | http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/citrus/citrus_leafminer.htm |