Species
Gastropoda
IUCN
NCBI
EOL Text
Gastropods feed on very small things. Most of them scrape or brush particles from surfaces of rocks, seaweeds, animals that don't move, and other objects. For feeding, gastropods use a radula, a hard plate that has teeth.
Gastropod feeding habits are extremely varied, although most species make use of a radula in some aspect of their feeding behavior. Some graze, some browse, some feed on plankton, some are scavengers or detritivores, some are active carnivores.
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Genomic DNA is available from 1 specimen with morphological vouchers housed at Bermuda Aquarium, Museum and Zoo
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Source | http://www.oglf.org/catalog/details.php?id=T00151 |
Animal / rests in
metacercarial cyst of Brachylaimus fuscatus rests inside Gastropoda
Animal / parasite / endoparasite
tetracotyle larva of Cotylurus cornutus endoparasitises Gastropoda
Animal / parasite / endoparasite
larva of Ravinia pernix endoparasitises Gastropoda
Animal / parasite
Riccardoella limacum parasitises Gastropoda
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Rights holder/Author | BioImages, BioImages - the Virtual Fieldguide (UK) |
Source | http://www.bioimages.org.uk/html/Gastropoda.htm |
Wanganella is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, unassigned in the superfamily Seguenzioidea.[1]
Species[edit]
Species within the genus Wanganella include:
- Wanganella lata (Laseron, 1954)
- Wanganella porcellana (Tate & May, 1900)
- Wanganella ruedai Rolan & Gubbioli, 2000[2]
- Species brought into synonymy
- Wanganella fissura Laseron, 1954: synonym of Wanganella porcellana (Tate & May, 1900)
References[edit]
- ^ Wanganella Laseron, 1954. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 27 March 2013.
- ^ Wanganella ruedai Rolan & Gubbioli, 2000. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
- Kano Y., Chikyu, E. & Warén, A. (2009) Morphological, ecological and molecular characterization of the enigmatic planispiral snail genus Adeuomphalus (Vetigastropoda: Seguenzioidea). Journal of Molluscan Studies, 75:397-418
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Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wanganella_(gastropod)&oldid=634071896 |
Gastropoda (gastropoda) is prey of:
Leptasterias
Pisaster
Rana pipiens
Anura
Haplochromis johnstoni
Barbus eurystomus
Haplocrhomis mola
Asteroidea
Actinopterygii
Homo sapiens
Alburnus alburnus
Gomphus
Aythya affinis
Hirudinea
Ambystoma maculatum
Ambystoma laterale
Ambystoma tremblayi
Ambystoma tigrinum
Notophthalmus viridescens
Concholepas concholepas
Sicyases sanguineus
Heliaster helianthus
Larus dominicanus
Clarias gariepinus
Haplochromis darlingi
bleak
Geococcyx californianus
Chondrichthyes
Scombridae
Carangidae
decomposers/microfauna
phytoplankton
organic stuff
benthic autotrophs
Blenniidae
Cheloniidae
Octopus
Cephalopoda
Decapoda
Stomatopoda
Anomura
Gastropoda
Priapula
Polychaeta
Ophiuroidea
Cancer
Brachyura
Echinoidea
Margarops fuscus
Margarops fuscatus
Anolis gingivinus
Anolis pogus
Based on studies in:
USA: Washington (Littoral, Rocky shore)
Canada: Manitoba (Forest)
Malawi, Lake Nyasa (Lake or pond)
USA: Alaska, Aleutian Islands (Coastal)
Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico-Virgin Islands shelf (Reef)
USA: Iowa, Mississippi River (River)
England, River Thames (River)
USA, Northeastern US contintental shelf (Coastal)
USA: Michigan (Lake or pond)
Chile, central Chile (Littoral, Rocky shore)
Africa, Lake McIlwaine (Lake or pond)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
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Rights holder/Author | Cynthia Sims Parr, Joel Sachs, SPIRE |
Source | http://spire.umbc.edu/fwc/ |
Gastropoda (gastropoda) preys on:
algae
Cyrtosperma
Pandanus
Artocarpus altilis
Corylus
Populus
Pyrola
Cornus
Aralia
Aufwuchs
macroalgae
periphyton
detritus
phytoplankton
epiphytic algae
Cephalopoda
Decapoda
Stomatopoda
Anomura
Isopoda
Amphipoda
Pycnogonidae
Tanaidae
Gastropoda
Scaphopoda
Neoloricata
Priapula
Polychaeta
Ophiuroidea
Hemichordata
Holothuroidea
Echiuroidea
Sipunculidae
Bivalvia
Ectoprocta
Cirripedia
Ascidia
Porifera
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Ostreoida
leaves
Based on studies in:
USA: Washington (Littoral, Rocky shore)
Polynesia (Reef)
Malawi, Lake Nyasa (Lake or pond)
England, River Thames (River)
Chile, central Chile (Littoral, Rocky shore)
Africa, Lake McIlwaine (Lake or pond)
Canada: Manitoba (Forest)
USA: Alaska, Aleutian Islands (Coastal)
USA: Michigan (Lake or pond)
USA: Iowa, Mississippi River (River)
USA, Northeastern US contintental shelf (Coastal)
Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico-Virgin Islands shelf (Reef)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
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Rights holder/Author | Cynthia Sims Parr, Joel Sachs, SPIRE |
Source | http://spire.umbc.edu/fwc/ |
Gastropods lay eggs. The eggs of some species contain a large yolk. Development of the eggs may be within the body, or the eggs may be expelled to develop externally. Eggs develop into larvae. Those species that will develop a shell start it while larvae. As the animal develops, it adds another curl of shell, ending in an opening from which the head and foot of the animal emerge.
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Source | http://www.biokids.umich.edu/critters/Gastropoda/ |
Gastropods are sexual, and some forms are hermaphroditic, meaning that a single individual can produce both egg and sperm. These individuals will exchange sperm with another individual rather than fertilizing themselves.
Key Reproductive Features: sexual
Parental Investment: no parental involvement
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Rights holder/Author | ©1995-2012, The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors |
Source | http://www.biokids.umich.edu/critters/Gastropoda/ |
The classification of the Gastropoda in three subclasses Prosobranchia, Opisthobranchia and Pulmonata had been set as a standard by Thiele (1929-1931) throughout the XXth century and is still presented in major textbooks (e.g. Brusca & Brusca, 2003). Nowadays the classification of Gastropoda undergoes considerable reorganization in the attempt to bring it as close as possible to a changing phylogenetic hypothesis of the class. There is compelling evidence that Prosobranchia as classically understood is a paraphyletic taxon, and as a consequence it is being progressively abandoned. Even if one would adopt the standards of Evolutionary Systematics and tolerate paraphyletic taxa under some conditions, it would be embarrassing to maintain Prosobranchia at the same taxonomic rank as Opisthobranchia and Pulmonata, which together form a clade (Heterobranchia) which is at large the sister-group of Caenogastropoda (i.e. part of Prosobranchia). The option taken herein is to derive the classification scheme as much as possible from Bouchet & Rocroi (2005, and references therein), with Linnean ranks added. This will be held as “basis of record” for all gastropod taxa even if those were already listed in previous versions of the database. The taxa contained in the former Prosobranchia are distributed in separate subclasses (Patellogastropoda, Vetigastropoda, Cocculiniformia, Neritimorpha and Caenogastropoda) which are all supposed to be monophyletic. This has the incovenience of bringing a small group like the Cocculiniformia at the same rank as the large clade Heterobranchia (including Opisthobranchia + Pulmonata), but on the other hand has the advantage of being cladistically correct and of keeping Caenogastropoda and Heterobranchia at equal rank. Cases departing from the scheme of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) will be explained in notes on the appropriate taxa. The initial split (Eogastropoda vs. Orthogastropoda) as in Ponder & Lindberg, 1997 is not retained, following Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005: 271 note 14; this because (1) it is challenged in Colgan et al. 2003 and (2) this would add one more rank in the scheme whereas we are already short of ranks in the large clade Heterobranchia.
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Source | http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=101 |
Shell protects from heat: desert snail
The shell of some desert snails helps them survive extreme heat using light reflectance and architecturally-derived, insulating layers of air.
"It will be a surprise to many biologists that snails are found in large numbers on the dry, barren surfaces of certain hot deserts. The present study is concerned with one such snail, Sphincterochila boissieri, which occurs in the deserts of the Near East. Live specimens of this snail, withdrawn in the shell and dormant, can be found on the desert surface in mid-summer, fully exposed to sun and heat. The surface temperature of these deserts may reach 70 °C and more than a year may pass between rains…
"The maximum air temperature, reached at noon, was 42.6 °C, and the maximum soil surface temperature in the sun, reached at 13.00, was 65.3 °C. Under the snail, in the space between the soil surface and the smooth shell, the maximum temperature was 60.1 °C, or 5.2 °C below the adjacent soil surface in the open sun. The lower temperature under the shell is expected, for the shell provides shade for that particular spot of the soil surface on which it sits. Inside the shell in the largest whorl, located in contact with the ground, the maximum temperature was 56.2 °C. In the second and third whorls the temperature was lower, reaching a maximum of 50.3 °C.
"It is important that the animal, when withdrawn, does not fill the shell and leaves most of the largest whorl filled with air…The snail, withdrawn to the upper parts of the shell, is significantly cooler…
"Why does the snail not heat up to the same temperature as the soil surface? The answer lies in its high reflectivity in combination with the slow conduction of heat from the substrate. Within the visible part of the solar spectrum (which contains about one-half of the total incident solar radiant energy) the reflectance of these snails is about 90%. In the near infrared, up to 1350 nm, the reflectance is similar to that of magnesium oxide and is estimated to be 95%. In the total range of the solar spectrum, therefore, we can say that the snails reflect well over 90% of the incident radiant energy.
"…heat flow, however, is impeded by two important circumstances. Firstly, the snail shell is in direct contact with the rough soil surface only in a few spots, and a layer of still air separates much of its bottom surface from the ground, forming an insulatng [sic] air cushion. Next, and perhaps more important, the snail is withdrawn into the upper parts of the shell and the largest whorl is filled with air; this constitutes a further impediment to heat flow into the snail." (Schmidt-Nielsen et al. 1971:385, 388-9)
Learn more about this functional adaptation.
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Rights holder/Author | (c) 2008-2009 The Biomimicry Institute |
Source | http://www.asknature.org/strategy/1683ae77eb0b8030d6c81e7098ddcd3c |