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Species
Senecio
IUCN
NCBI
EOL Text
Senecio /sɨˈniːʃi.oʊ/[1] is a genus of the daisy family (Asteraceae) that includes ragworts and groundsels. Variously circumscribed, the genus Senecio is one of the largest genera of flowering plants, cleaved or not of species belonging to other genera. The 'traditional' circumscription of Senecio is artificial, being polyphyletic.[2] The flower heads are normally rayed, completely yellow, and the heads are borne in branched clusters. Senecio is one of the largest genera of flowering plants,[3] and despite the separation of many species into other genera it still contains c. 1250 species of varied form, including leaf, stem and tuber succulents, annuals, perennials, aquatics, climbers, shrubs and small trees. Some species produce natural biocides (especially alkaloids) to deter or even kill animals that would eat them.
Senecio species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species — see list of Lepidoptera that feed on Senecio. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids have been found in Senecio nemorensis[4] and in Senecio cannabifolius var. integrilifolius[5]
The name means "old man".
Selected species[edit]
- Senecio ampullaceus — Texas ragwort, Texas squaw-weed, Texas groundsel, clasping-leaf groundsel[6]
- Senecio angulatus L.f. — Creeping groundsel
- Senecio antisanae
- Senecio arborescens
- Senecio aureus L. — Golden Ragwort[7]
- Packera aurea (L.) A. & D. Löve
- Senecio barbertonicus Klatt — Succulent Bush Senecio
- Senecio battiscombei
- Dendrosenecio battiscombei
- Senecio bigelovii - Nodding groundsel
- Senecio brasiliensis (Spreng.) Less. — flor-das-almas
- Cineraria brasiliensis
- Senecio cambrensis — Welsh groundsel, Welsh ragwort
- Senecio congestus (R. Br.) DC. — Marsh ragwort, Clustered marsh ragwort, Marsh fleabane
- Cineraria palustris
- Othonna palustris
- Tephroseris palustris
- Senecio douglasii - Threadleaf groundsel
- Senecio eboracensis Abbott & Lowe — York groundsel
- Senecio flaccidus Less. — Douglas senecio, threadleaf groundsel, threadleaf ragwort
- Senecio gallicus Chaix — Southern Ragwort
- Senecio glabellus Poir. — Butterweed
- Packera glabella (Poir) C. Jeffrey
- Senecio glaucus L. — Jaffa groundsel
- Senecio haworthii — Woolly senecio
- Senecio howeanus
- Senecio iscoensis — Hieron.
- Senecio jacobaea — Now classed as Jacobaea vulgaris.
- Senecio keniensis
- Dendrosenecio keniensis
- Senecio keniodendron — Giant groundsel
- Dendrosenecio keniodendron
- Senecio keniophytum
- Senecio kleinia
- Kleinia neriifolia
- Senecio lamarckianus
- Senecio leucanthemifolius Poir. — Coastal Ragwort
- Senecio littoralis
- Senecio mikanioides — Cape Ivy, German Ivy
- Delairea odorata
- Senecio nivalis Kunth
- Senecio obovatus Muhl. — Roundleaf Ragwort
- Packera obovata (Muhl. ex Willd.)
- Senecio patagonicus
- Senecio pauciradiatus
- Senecio pulcher
- Senecio rowleyanus — String of pearls
- Senecio sanmarcosensis
- Senecio scandens — German Ivy[8]
- Senecio squalidus — Oxford ragwort
- Senecio triangularis - Arrowleaf groundsel
- Senecio vaginatus
- Senecio vernalis — Eastern groundsel
- Senecio viscosus — Sticky ragwort
- Senecio vulgaris — Common groundsel, old-man-in-the-spring
Formerly in Senecio
- Brachyglottis greyi (as S. greyi)
- Florist's Cineraria, Pericallis × hybrida (as S. cruentus)
- Rugelia nudicaulis — Rugels ragwort
Synonyms[edit]
The following genera contain species that are or have been included within Senecio.[9]
Probable synonyms:
- Antillanthus B. Nord.
- Barkleyanthus H. Rob. & Brettell
- Brachyglottis J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.[10]
- Canariothamnus B. Nord.
- Dauresia B. Nord. & Pelser
- Dendrophorbium C. Jeffrey
- Dendrosenecio (Hauman ex Hedberg) B. Nord. - Giant groundsels
- Dorobaea Cass.
- Dresslerothamnus H. Rob.
- Elekmania B. Nord.
- Herreranthus B. Nord.
- Hubertia Bory
- Iocenes B. Nord.
- Jacobaea Mill.
- Lasiocephalus Willd. ex Schltdl.
- Leonis B. Nord.
- Ligularia
- Lundinia B. Nord.
- Mesogramma DC.
- Monticalia C. Jeffrey
- Nelsonianthus H. Rob. & Brettell
- Nesampelos B. Nord., nom. inval.
- Oldfeltia B. Nord. & Lundin
- Packera Á. Löve & D. Löve
- Pentacalia Cass.
- Pippenalia McVaugh
- Pittocaulon H. Rob. & Brettell
- Pojarkovia Askerova
- Psacaliopsis H. Rob. & Brettell
- Pseudogynoxys (Greenm.) Cabrera
- Pseudojacobaea (Hook. f.) R. Mathur
- Roldana La Llave
- Sinosenecio B. Nord.
- Synotis (C. B. Clarke) C. Jeffrey & Y. L. Chen
- Telanthophora H. Rob. & Brettell
- Tephroseris (Rchb.) Rchb.
- Zemisia B. Nord.[11]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
- ^ Passalacqua, Nicodemo G.; Peruzzi, Lorenzo; Pellegrino, Giuseppe (August 2008). "A Biosystematic Study of the Jacobaea maritima Group (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) in the Central Mediterranean Area". Taxon 57 (3): 893–906. JSTOR 27756716.
- ^ Frodin, David G. (2004). "History and concepts of big plant genera". Taxon 53 (3): 753–76. doi:10.2307/4135449. JSTOR 4135449.
- ^ Shi, Bao-Jun; Xiong, Ai-Zhen; Zheng, Shan-Song; Chou, Gui-Xin; Wang, Zheng-Tao (2010). "Two new pyrrolizidine alkaloids from Senecio nemorensis". Natural Product Research 24 (20): 1897. doi:10.1080/14786419.2010.482058. PMID 21128163.
- ^ Ma, H; Yang, L; Wang, C; Wang, Z (2011). "Pyrrolizidine alkaloids of Senecio cannabifolius var. Integrilifolius". Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 36 (2): 166–8. PMID 21506416.
- ^ Sean Claes (2007-04-16). "Proceed With Caution". Kyle, Texas Daily Photo. Retrieved 2008-04-10.
- ^ Connecticut Botanical Society (November 13, 2005). "Golden Ragwort". Connecticut Wildflowers. Retrieved 2008-02-09. Golden Ragwort is one of three species of ragwort in Connecticut, all with similar flowers.
- ^ Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "German Ivy". Encyclopedia Americana.
- ^ Pelser, Pieter B.; Nordenstam, Bertil; Kadereit, Joachim W.; Watson, Linda E. (2007). "An ITS Phylogeny of Tribe Senecioneae (Asteraceae) and a New Delimitation of Senecio L". Taxon 56 (4): 1077. doi:10.2307/25065905. JSTOR 25065905.
- ^ Norton, D.A. (1986). "Recent changes in the names of New Zealand tree and shrub species". New Zealand Journal of Forestry 31: 39–40.
- ^ Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) (2007-05-04). "Genus: Senecio L.". Taxonomy for Plants. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Senecio&oldid=648011339 |
Senecio bahioides is a species of the genus Senecio and family Asteraceae and is a native of Chile.[2]
References[edit]
- ^ International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI). "Plant Name Search Results" (HTML). International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
- ^ Hooker, William Jackson (1834–1842). The Journal of Botany: Being a Second Series of the Botanical Miscellany; Containing Figures and Descriptions of Such Plants as Recommend Themselves by Their Novelty, Rarity or History, or by the Uses to Which They are Applied in the Arts, in Medicine, and in Domestic Œconomy; Together With Occasional Botanical Notices and Information (Vol. 3 ed.). Edinburgh: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman; Black, Young & Young, Foreign Booksellers, and A. & C. Black. p. 336. Retrieved 2008-05-29.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Senecio_bahioides&oldid=605250987 |
Canada
Origin: Native
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Present
Confidence: Confident
United States
Origin: Native
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Present
Confidence: Confident
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | NatureServe |
Source | http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Packera+contermina |
Perennials, 4–10+ cm; rhizomatous and/or fibrous-rooted (mat-forming, bases ascending to erect, coarse). Stems 1 or 2–3, clustered, bases floccose-tomentose, leaf axils tomentose, glabrous elsewhere. Basal leaves (thick, fleshy) petiolate; blades usually ovate, oblong, or spatulate, sometimes sublyrate, 20–50+ × 20–40+ mm, bases tapering (to winged petioles) or abruptly contracted to subcordate (petioles narrow), margins crenate, coarsely serrate, or subentire. Cauline leaves (often cyanic) gradually reduced (sessile, not clasping; lanceolate to linear, usually irregularly and shallowly lobed, rarely entire). Heads 1–2(–5+). Peduncles conspicuously bracteate, glabrous. Calyculi conspicuous (tips of bractlets often purple). Phyllaries 21, deep red or green (tips reddish), 8–12+ mm, white-tomentose proximally. Ray florets 10–12; corolla laminae 8–14+ mm. Disc florets 55–75+; corolla tubes 2.5–3.5 mm, limbs 3–4 mm. Cypselae 1–1.25 mm, glabrous; pappi 4–7 mm. 2n = 160+.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | eFloras.org Copyright © Missouri Botanical Garden |
Source | http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=250067238 |
Herbs, subshrubs or shrubs, sometimes succulent or climbing. Leaves alternate, sometimes radical, entire or lobed. Capitula either (1) heterogamous with marginal fertile (rarely sterile) female florets and bisexual disk florets or (2) homogamous. Calyculus of usually much shorter basal bracts present. Flowers usually yellow, less often purple or white. Phyllaries in 1 subequal series. Receptacle flat or ± convex, without scales, pitted or shortly fimbriate. Pappus of bristles.
Mikaniopsis cissampelina greatly resembles a climbing Senecio.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings, Flora of Zimbabwe |
Source | http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/genus.php?genus_id=1552 |
Senecio conterminus Greenman, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 3: 101. 1916 based on S. lyallii Klatt, Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 9: 365. 1894 not Hooker f. 1852
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | eFloras.org Copyright © Missouri Botanical Garden |
Source | http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=250067238 |
Chile Central
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Pablo Gutierrez, IABIN |
Source | No source database. |
Canada
Rounded National Status Rank: N3 - Vulnerable
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: N3 - Vulnerable
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Ham, V., NatureServe |
Source | http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Packera+contermina |
Rounded Global Status Rank: G3 - Vulnerable
Reasons: Packera contermina occurs in Canada on dry rocky slopes and ridges in the subalpine and alpine zones of southeastern British Columbia, where it is rare to locally frequent, east to Alberta and south to the northern United States in Montana.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Ham, V., NatureServe |
Source | http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Packera+contermina |