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Species
Cynoglossum officinale f. bicolor
IUCN
NCBI
EOL Text
More info on this topic.
This species is known to occur in the following ecosystem types (as named by the U.S. Forest Service in their Forest and Range Ecosystem [FRES] Type classification):
ECOSYSTEMS [34]:
FRES10 White-red-jack pine
FRES11 Spruce-fir
FRES14 Oak-pine
FRES15 Oak-hickory
FRES16 Oak-gum-cypress
FRES17 Elm-ash-cottonwood
FRES18 Maple-beech-birch
FRES19 Aspen-birch
FRES20 Douglas-fir
FRES21 Ponderosa pine
FRES22 Western white pine
FRES23 Fir-spruce
FRES24 Hemlock-Sitka spruce
FRES25 Larch
FRES26 Lodgepole pine
FRES27 Redwood
FRES28 Western hardwoods
FRES29 Sagebrush
FRES30 Desert shrub
FRES33 Southwestern shrubsteppe
FRES34 Chaparral-mountain shrub
FRES35 Pinyon-juniper
FRES36 Mountain grasslands
FRES37 Mountain meadows
FRES38 Plains grasslands
FRES39 Prairie
FRES40 Desert grasslands
FRES42 Annual grasslands
FRES44 Alpine
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 8
Specimens with Barcodes: 9
Species With Barcodes: 1
In British Columbia, houndstongue occurs predominantly in the Interior
Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and ponderosa pine (Pinus
ponderosa)-bunchgrass biogeoclimatic zones [99].
In Utah, houndstongue may be found in
sagebrush (Artemisia spp.), pinyon-juniper (Pinus spp.-Juniperus
spp.), cottonwood (Populus spp.),
mountain brush, quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), ponderosa pine, and spruce-fir
(Picea spp.-Abies spp.) communities [107]. It is a minor component in
Gambel oak
(Quercus gambelii) communities in central and northern Utah [58]. On preserves in Colorado, houndstongue has been reported in
shortgrass prairie, narrowleaf cottonwood/red-osier dogwood (Populus
angustifolia/Cornus sericea) riparian forests, and riparian meadows.
In northeastern Oregon, houndstongue invades Idaho fescue (Festuca
idahoensis), bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata), and
prairie Junegrass (Koeleria macrantha) grasslands, and riparian habitats
[80].
In Iowa, houndstongue was found on an upland site dominated by white oak (Q.
alba), northern red oak (Q. rubra), and shagbark hickory (Carya ovata) [54].
In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / parasite
cleistothecium of Golovinomyces cynoglossi parasitises live Cynoglossum officinale
Foodplant / open feeder
adult of Longitarsus anchusae grazes on leaf of Cynoglossum officinale
Foodplant / open feeder
adult of Longitarsus exoletus grazes on leaf of Cynoglossum officinale
Foodplant / open feeder
adult of Longitarsus quadriguttatus grazes on leaf of Cynoglossum officinale
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / feeds on
Mogulones asperifoliarum feeds on Cynoglossum officinale
Foodplant / spot causer
mainly epiphyllous colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph of Ramularia cynoglossi causes spots on live leaf of Cynoglossum officinale
Other: major host/prey
Rounded Global Status Rank: GNR - Not Yet Ranked
Cynoglossum officinale (Common Hound's Tongue) introduced
(Bees suck nectar; this observation is from Robertson)
Bees (long-tongued)
Megachilidae (Megachilini): Megachile brevis brevis sn
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Copyright © 2002-2015 by Dr. John Hilty |
Source | http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/flower_insects//plants/cm_hdtongue.htm |
Hound's tongue produces flat barbed seedlings. Many fur-coated animals, such as rabbits, help spread these burrs. People's clothing also serves this purpose well. Hound's tongue is poisonous and was used in earlier days for healing infections. Due to its toxicity, the plant and as well as the seeds are not grazed by animals. However, that doesn't keep away various moths and trunk beetles. Hound's tongue grows in sunny, light areas and loose, calcium-rich soil. In the Netherlands, it is limited to the dunes in North and South Holland.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Ecomare |
Source | http://www.ecomare.nl/index.php?id=3459&L=2 |
More info for the terms: cover, fire management, frequency, invasive species, natural, phenology, prescribed burn, restoration, wildfire
Fire as a control agent: Observations by managers suggest that a lack of normal ecological processes such as fire and flood can promote establishment by invasive plants such as houndstongue [80]. In some ecosystems, re-establishing historic FIRE REGIMES can be effective at controlling invasive species by encouraging growth and vigor of native species (e.g. [19,29,44,79]). Research is needed regarding the potential of prescribed burning to control houndstongue.
Postfire colonization potential: General precautions should be followed to prevent houndstongue establishment after fire. The USDA Forest Service's "Guide to noxious weed prevention practices" [95] provides several fire management considerations for weed prevention in general that can be applied to houndstongue. Wildfire managers might consider including weed prevention education and providing weed identification aids during fire training; avoiding known weed infestations when locating firelines, monitoring camps, staging areas, and helibases to be sure they are kept weed free; taking care that equipment is weed free; incorporating the cost of weed prevention and management into fire rehabilitation plans; and acquiring restoration funding. Careful postfire vigilance to identify and record the establishment of new populations is critical. About 1 month after fire, survey for signs of new or resprouting weeds. Repeat surveys will be needed, with the frequency and intensity of the survey guided by local conditions [7].
Potential weed problems must be addressed during prefire planning of prescribed burns, and following both wild and prescribed fires. When planning a prescribed burn, preinventory the project area, evaluate cover and phenology of any houndstongue present on or adjacent to the site, and evaluate the potential for increased houndstongue populations in the area [7]. Avoid ignition and burning in areas at high risk for weed establishment or spread, and/or plan for follow-up treatments in succeeding years. Avoid creating soil conditions that promote weed germination and establishment. Discuss weed status and risks in burn rehabilitation plans [95].
To prevent new infestations, re-establish vegetation on bare ground as soon after fire as possible, using either natural recovery or artificial techniques as appropriate to site conditions and objectives. When reseeding after wildfires and prescribed burns, use only certified weed-free seed. Monitor the burn site and associated disturbed areas after the fire and the following spring for emergence of houndstongue, and treat to eradicate any emergent houndstongue or other pestiferous plants. Regulate human, pack animal, and livestock entry into burned areas at risk for weed invasion until desirable site vegetation has recovered sufficiently to resist weed invasion. Additional guidelines and specific recommendations and requirements are available [7,36,95].