Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel, 1912)
IUCN
NCBI
EOL Text
The Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis is serious pest of fruit crops. It is native to Asia but now lives in more than 30 Asian and Oceanic countries, and is treated as a threat in many others with tropical or sub-tropical climates. In the US, it has invaded and been eradicated multiple times in California, occurs in small numbers annually in Florida, and is widespread in Hawaii (since about 1945). An established population was eradicated from Mauritius in the 1990s. Quarantine and eradication programs are vigilant in the US to ensure that flies carried in on cargo or passenger baggage are not able to establish themselves, as Oriental fruit flies are fast growing (the life cycle takes about 16 days in summer), long lived and have high reproductive potential (females typically lay 1500 eggs in their lives, but can lay up to 3000). Bactrocera dorsalis has a wide host range on over 150 fruit and vegetable crops, the most common being: citrus, guava, mango, papaya, avocado, banana, loquat, tomato, surinam cherry, rose-apple, passion fruit, persimmon, pineapple, peach, pear, apricot, fig, apple, melon and coffee. Females lay eggs under ripe fruit’s skin (although they also will lay in green fruit) and larvae destroy the fruit by feeding on it as they develop. In Hawaii, the Oriental fruit fly destroys about 13% of fruit yields annually. Insecticides, sterile male releases, and introduced parasitoids have been variously used to control and eradicate populations.
(CABI 2011; Weems et al. 2010; Wikipedia 2010)
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| Rights holder/Author | Dana Campbell, Dana Campbell |
| Source | No source database. |
Bactrocera (Bactrocera) dorsalis (Hendel)
Dacus dorsalis Hendel, 1912: 18
Wing length, 5.42-6.92 mm.
Head. Pedicel+1st flagellomere not longer than ptilinal suture. Face, antennal furrow with a dark spot. Frons, frontal setae 2, orbital seta 1. Thorax. Scutum red-brown to black; postpronotal lobe yellow; notopleural callus yellow; notopleural xanthine absent; lateral postsutural vitta present; medial postsutural vitta absent. Scutellum without any dark patterning (except for basal dark margin). Anepisternum with a stripe from notopleural callus to (or almost to) katepisternum; extended onto katepisternum. Lateroterga with a single xanthine across both anatergite and katatergite. Thoracic setae. Anterior notopleural seta present; anterior supra-alar seta present; prescutellar acrostichal seta present; basal scutellar seta absent. Wing. Basal cells bc and c without an almost complete covering of microtrichia; cell bm without microtrichia. Narrow subbasal raised section of cell br with extensive covering of microtrichia. Crossvein R-M beyond middle of cell dm. Costal band complete; shallow, not or only slightly extending below vein R2+3 before wing apex; not expanded into an apical spot. Anal streak present (colour extending beyond cell bcu). Cells bc and c hyaline. Without any crossbanding. Legs. Femora pale coloured. Abdomen. Predominantly fulvous; shape and patterning, see image. Tergites II-V separate.
Male. Tergite III with pecten, dense microtrichia adjacent end A1+Cu2, and hindtibia preapical "pad". Basal costal sections without specialised setae.
Female. Aculeus pointed; no torsion; length, 1.3-1.8mm.
(Description after White, 2006)
See description of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel, 1912) in source PDF.
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| Rights holder/Author | Marc de Meyer, Afrotropical Fruitfly Project |
| Source | http://projects.bebif.be/fruitfly/taxoninfo.html?id=161 |
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
There are 19 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank.
Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species.
See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 195
Specimens with Barcodes: 202
Species With Barcodes: 1
Bactrocera dorsalis is a species of tephritid fruit fly that is endemic to Southeast Asia, but has also been introduced to Hawai'i, the Mariana Islands and Tahiti. It is one of the major pest species in the genus Bactrocera with a broad host range of cultivated and wild fruits, second in damage only to B. papayae.[1]
It is similar to the closely related species B. carambolae, B. papayae, B. occipitalis, B. philippinensis and B. invadens in color pattern. In reality, recent scientific evidence showed that B. papayae, B. invadens and B. philippinensis belong to the same biological species as B. dorsalis.[2]
Males of the species respond strongly to methyl eugenol and this is used for monitoring and estimating populations.[3][4] They are also important pollinators/visitors of wild orchids, Bulbophyllum cheiri and Bulbophyllum vinaceum, in Southeast Asia, which lure the flies using methyl eugenol.[5][6]
References[edit]
- ^ Drew, R.A.I. & Raghu, S. (2002). The fruit fly fauna (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae) of the rainforest habitat of the Western Ghats, India. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 50(2):327-352. PDF (with description of B. dorsalis, and key to Indian Bactrocera species)
- ^ Current Status Bactrocera dorsalis Complex-Clarke ... - NUCLEUS nucleus.iaea.org/.../Current%20Status%20Bactrocera%20dorsalis%20Co...and references there in
- ^ Tan, K.H. and Serit, M. (1994) Adult population dynamics of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in relation to host phenology and weather in two villages of Penang Island, Malaysia. Environmental Entomology 23(2): 267-275.
- ^ Hee, A. K. W. & Tan, K. H. (2005) Bioactive fractions containing methyl eugenol-derived sex pheromonal components in haemolymph of the male fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae). Bull. entomol. res. 95(6):615-620
- ^ Tan, K.H., Nishida R. and Toong, Y.C. (2002) Bulbophyllum cheiri floral synomone lures fruit flies to perform pollination. J.Chem. Ecol. 28:1161-1172
- ^ Tan, K. H., Tan, L. T. and Nishida, R. (2006) Floral phenyl propanoid cocktail and architecture of Bulbophyllum vinaceum orchid in attracting fruit flies for pollination. J. Chem. Ecol. 32:2429-2441.
Further reading[edit]
- Allwood, A.J., Chinajariyawong, A., Drew, R.A.I., et al. (1999) Host plant records for fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in south east Asia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 7:1-92.
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| Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
| Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bactrocera_dorsalis&oldid=629608254 |
http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/fruit/tropical/oriental_fruit_fly.htm
Founded in 1996 by Thomas Fasulo, Featured Creatures provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms.
The Featured Creatures site is a cooperative venture of the University of Florida's Entomology and Nematology Department and the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services' Division of Plant Industry.
Visit Featured Creatures at http://entnemdept.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures/
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Featured Creatures |
| Source | http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/fruit/tropical/oriental_fruit_fly.htm |
http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/fruit/tropical/oriental_fruit_fly.htm
Founded in 1996 by Thomas Fasulo, Featured Creatures provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms.
The Featured Creatures site is a cooperative venture of the University of Florida's Entomology and Nematology Department and the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services' Division of Plant Industry.
Visit Featured Creatures at http://entnemdept.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures/
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Featured Creatures |
| Source | http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/fruit/tropical/oriental_fruit_fly.htm |