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Species
Cyathea
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A related, much smaller species of Cyathea has been collected in the Haroni Forest of south-eastern Zimbabwe. It has a dwarf stem up to 2 cm thick and 30 cm tall with 2-pinnatifid fronds up to 50 cm long.
Trunk erect. Fronds with free veins. Sori borne on the veins.
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Rights holder/Author | Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings, Flora of Zimbabwe |
Source | http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/genus.php?genus_id=35 |
Gymnosphaerid, unstalked heliozoa with an outer vacuolated 'ectoplasm' and a more central granular, denser 'endoplasm'. The surface is covered by mucus. With a central homogeneous axoplast. With many small nuclei distributed throughout the endoplasm. One marine species: G. albida Sassaki, 1894.
Type fragment for Cyathea pendula Jenman
Catalog Number: US 1421984
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
Verification Degree: Verified from the card file of type specimens
Preparation: Pressed specimen
Collector(s): N. Wilson
Locality: Greater Antilles, Jamaica, West Indies
- Type fragment: Jenman, G. S. 1882. J. Bot. 20: 324.
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Rights holder/Author | This image was obtained from the Smithsonian Institution. Unless otherwise noted, this image or its contents may be protected by international copyright laws. |
Source | http://collections.mnh.si.edu/search/botany/?irn=2161580 |
Type fragment for Cyathea conquisita Jenman
Catalog Number: US 1421975
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
Verification Degree: Verified from the card file of type specimens
Preparation: Pressed specimen
Collector(s): N. Wilson
Locality: Greater Antilles, Jamaica, West Indies
- Type fragment: Jenman, G. S. 1882. J. Bot. 1882: 324.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | This image was obtained from the Smithsonian Institution. Unless otherwise noted, this image or its contents may be protected by international copyright laws. |
Source | http://collections.mnh.si.edu/search/botany/?irn=2161579 |
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
Specimen Records:143
Specimens with Sequences:137
Specimens with Barcodes:135
Species:81
Species With Barcodes:80
Public Records:131
Public Species:80
Public BINs:0
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Cyathea is a genus of tree ferns, the type genus of the fern order Cyatheales. They are mostly terrestrial ferns, usually with a single tall stem. Rarely, the trunk may be branched or creeping. Many species also develop a fibrous mass of roots at the base of the trunk. The genus has a pantropical distribution, with over 470 species. They grow in habitats ranging from tropical rain forests to temperate woodlands.
The genus name Cyathea is derived from the Greek kyatheion, meaning "little cup", and refers to the cup-shaped sori on the underside of the fronds.
The best[according to whom?] known species include[citation needed]:
- Cyathea brownii, the Norfolk Tree Fern
- Cyathea cooperi, the Australian Tree Fern or Lacy Tree Fern
- Cyathea dealbata, the Silver Tree Fern
- Cyathea medullaris, the New Zealand Black Tree Fern
Contents
Classification[edit]
The classification below follows the findings of Conant et al. in 1996[citation needed]. Conant concluded, based on molecular cpDNA and morphological evidence, that a system of three clades — Alsophila, Cyathea and Sphaeropteris, whereby Alsophila is most basal and Cyathea and Sphaeropteris are derived sister groups — is the most accurate reflection of evolutionary lineages within the Cyatheaceae.
Uncertain or dubious taxa[edit]
- Alsophila crassa Karsten, 1869
- Cyathea affinis M. Martens & Galeotti, 1842
Misassigned taxa[edit]
- Cyathea abitaguensis (Domin) Domin, 1930 = Cnemidaria uleana
- Cyathea antillana Domin, 1930 = Cnemidaria grandifolia
- Cyathea aristata Domin, 1930 = Cnemidaria apiculata
- Cyathea choricarpa (Maxon) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria choricarpa
- Cyathea commutata Sprengel, 1804 = Cnemidaria horrida
- Cyathea decurrentiloba Domin, 1930 = Cnemidaria decurrens
- Cyathea elegantissima (Fée) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria decurrens
- Cyathea ewanii Alston, 1958 = Cnemidaria ewanii
- Cyathea grandifolia Willdenow, 1810 = Cnemidaria grandifolia
- Cyathea grandis (Maxon) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria mutica
- Cyathea guatemalensis (Maxon) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria decurrens
- Cyathea horrida (Linnaeus) J. E. Smith, 1793 = Cnemidaria horrida
- Cyathea imrayana (W. J. Hooker) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria grandifolia
- Cyathea karsteniana Klotzsch, 1852 = Cnemidaria karsteniana
- Cyathea kohautiana (Presl) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria grandifolia
- Cyathea leprieurii (Kunze) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria cruciata
- Cyathea liebmannii Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria decurrens
- Cyathea lucida (Fée) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria decurrens
- Cyathea minita Kaulfuss, 1824 = Cnemidaria grandifolia
- Cyathea mutica (Christ) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria mutica
- Cyathea obtusa (Kaulfuss) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria grandifolia
- Cyathea roraimensis (Domin) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria roraimensis
- Cyathea spectabilis (Kunze) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria spectabilis
- Cyathea spectabilis var. colombiensis Stolze, 1974 = Cnemidaria spectabilis var. colombiensis
- Cyathea spectabilis var. longipinna (Domin) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria spectabilis var. spectabilis
- Cyathea spectabilis var. trinitensis (Domin) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria spectabilis var. spectabilis
- Cyathea subarborescens Domin, 1930 = Cnemidaria uleana
- Cyathea subincisa (Kunze) Domin, 1929 = Cnemidaria speciosa
Notes[edit]
- ^ Ranil, R.H.G., D.K.N.G. Pushpakumara, T. Janssen, D.S.A. Wijesundara & D.U.M.B. Dhanasekara 2010. Cyathea srilankensis Ranil: a new tree fern species from Sri Lanka. American Fern Journal 100(1): 39–44. doi:10.1640/0002-8444-100.1.39
- ^ Cyathea gardneri (W. J. Hooker) Lellinger 1987, not C. gardneri W. J. Hooker 1844.
- ^ Cyathea microphylla (Klotzsch) Tryon 1970, not C. microphylla Mettenius 1856.
- ^ Cyathea parva (Maxon) Tryon 1976, not C. parva Copeland 1942.
References[edit]
- Christenhusz, M.J.M. (2009). New combinations and an overview of Cyathea subg. Hymenophyllopsis (Cyatheaceae). Phytotaxa 1: 37-42.
- Large, M.F. and J.E. Braggins (2004). Tree Ferns. Timber Press, Inc. ISBN 0-88192-630-2
- Lehnert, M. (2006). New species and records of tree ferns (Cyatheaceae, Pteridophyta) in the northern Andes. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 6: 321-322, electronic supplement 13: 1-11.
- Lehnert, M. (2009). Three new species of scaly tree ferns (Cyathea-Cyatheaceae) from the northern Andes. Phytotaxa 2: 43-56.
- The International Plant Names Index
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Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cyathea&oldid=647691696 |
Cyathea is a subgenus in the genus Cyathea.
Classification
- Subgenus Cyathea
- Section Alsophila
- Cyathea abbottii
- Cyathea acanthophora
- Cyathea acrostichoides
- Cyathea acuminata
- Cyathea affinis
- Cyathea albidosquamata
- Cyathea alderwereltii
- Cyathea alleniae
- Cyathea alpicola
- Cyathea amboinensis
- Cyathea amintae
- Cyathea andersonii
- Cyathea aneitensis
- Cyathea annae
- Cyathea apiculata
- Cyathea apoensis
- Cyathea approximata
- Cyathea archboldii
- Cyathea ascendens
- Cyathea atropurpurea
- Cyathea australis
- Cyathea baileyana
- Cyathea balanocarpa
- Cyathea batjanensis
- Cyathea biformis
- Cyathea borneensis
- Cyathea × boytelii
- Cyathea brevipinna
- Cyathea brooksii
- Cyathea bryophila
- Cyathea buennemeijerii
- Cyathea callosa
- Cyathea camerooniana
- Cyathea capensis
- Cyathea catillifera
- Cyathea caudata
- Cyathea chinensis
- Cyathea christii
- Cyathea cincinnata
- Cyathea cinerea
- Cyathea coactilis
- Cyathea colensoi
- Cyathea × confirmis
- Cyathea corcovadensis
- Cyathea costalisora
- Cyathea costulisora
- Cyathea crassa
- Cyathea croftii
- Cyathea cucullifera
- Cyathea cunninghamii
- Cyathea cuspidata
- Cyathea dealbata
- Cyathea deckenii
- Cyathea decora
- Cyathea decrescens
- Cyathea dicksonioides
- Cyathea dimorpha
- Cyathea doctersii
- Cyathea dregei
- Cyathea × dryopteroides
- Cyathea edanoi
- Cyathea elongata
- Cyathea erinacea
- Cyathea eriophora
- Cyathea esmeraldensis
- Cyathea everta
- Cyathea excavata
- Cyathea exilis
- Cyathea fadenii
- Cyathea × fagildei
- Cyathea fenicis
- Cyathea ferruginea
- Cyathea foersteri
- Cyathea fulgens
- Cyathea fuliginosa
- Cyathea geluensis
- Cyathea gigantea
- Cyathea glaberrima
- Cyathea glabra
- Cyathea glaziovii
- Cyathea gleichenioides
- Cyathea gregaria
- Cyathea grevilleana
- Cyathea halconensis
- Cyathea hancockii
- Cyathea havilandii
- Cyathea henryi
- Cyathea heterochlamydea
- Cyathea hooglandii
- Cyathea hookeri
- Cyathea hornei
- Cyathea horridula
- Cyathea hotteana
- Cyathea humilis
- Cyathea hunsteiniana
- Cyathea hymenodes
- Cyathea imbricata
- Cyathea imrayana
- Cyathea incana
- Cyathea incisoserrata
- Cyathea inquinans
- Cyathea insulana
- Cyathea javanica
- Cyathea junghuhniana
- Cyathea kanehirae
- Cyathea kermadecensis
- Cyathea khasyana
- Cyathea klossii
- Cyathea latebrosa
- Cyathea latipinnula
- Cyathea ledermannii
- Cyathea lepidoclada
- Cyathea loerzingii
- Cyathea loheri
- Cyathea longipes
- Cyathea lurida
- Cyathea macarthurii
- Cyathea macgillivrayi
- Cyathea macgregorii
- Cyathea macropoda
- Cyathea madagascarica
- Cyathea magnifolia
- Cyathea manniana
- Cyathea marattioides
- Cyathea × marcescens
- Cyathea masapilidensis
- Cyathea media
- Cyathea × medinae
- Cyathea mesosora
- Cyathea metteniana
- Cyathea mexicana
- Cyathea microchlamys
- Cyathea microphylloides
- Cyathea mildbraedii
- Cyathea milnei
- Cyathea minor
- Cyathea modesta
- Cyathea mossambicensis
- Cyathea muelleri
- Cyathea negrosiana
- Cyathea nicklesii
- Cyathea nigrolineata
- Cyathea nigropaleata
- Cyathea nilgirensis
- Cyathea nockii
- Cyathea obtusiloba
- Cyathea ogurae
- Cyathea oinops
- Cyathea oosora
- Cyathea orientalis
- Cyathea pachyrrhachis
- Cyathea pallidipaleata
- Cyathea parva
- Cyathea patellifera
- Cyathea percrassa
- Cyathea perpelvigera
- Cyathea perpunctulata
- Cyathea perrieriana
- Cyathea physolepidota
- Cyathea plagiostegia
- Cyathea podophylla
- Cyathea polycarpa
- Cyathea polystichoides
- Cyathea portoricensis
- Cyathea pruinosa
- Cyathea pseudomuelleri
- Cyathea pubescens
- Cyathea punctulata
- Cyathea pycnoneura
- Cyathea raciborskii
- Cyathea ramispina
- Cyathea rebeccae
- Cyathea recommutata
- Cyathea recurvata
- Cyathea rigens
- Cyathea rubella
- Cyathea rubiginosa
- Cyathea rufopannosa
- Cyathea rupestris
- Cyathea saccata
- Cyathea salletii
- Cyathea salvinii
- Cyathea scandens
- Cyathea schlechteri
- Cyathea schliebenii
- Cyathea sechellarum
- Cyathea semiamplectens
- Cyathea serratifolia
- Cyathea setosa
- Cyathea setulosa
- Cyathea sinuata
- Cyathea smithii
- Cyathea solomonensis
- Cyathea spinulosa
- Cyathea stuebelii
- Cyathea subdubia
- Cyathea subtripinnata
- Cyathea sumatrana
- Cyathea tenuicaulis
- Cyathea ternatea
- Cyathea thomsonii
- Cyathea tryoniana
- Cyathea tsilotsilensis
- Cyathea tussacii
- Cyathea urbanii
- Cyathea vandeusenii
- Cyathea vieillardii
- Cyathea walkerae
- Cyathea welwitschii
- Cyathea wengiensis
- Cyathea woodwardioides
- Cyathea woollsiana
- Cyathea zakamenensis
- Section Cyathea
- Cyathea acutidens
- Cyathea alata
- Cyathea albomarginata
- Cyathea alphonsiana
- Cyathea alstonii
- Cyathea amazonica
- Cyathea andina
- Cyathea arborea
- Cyathea armata
- Cyathea aspera
- Cyathea atahuallpa
- Cyathea aterrima
- Cyathea atrovirens
- Cyathea barringtonii
- Cyathea × bernardii
- Cyathea bettinae
- Cyathea bicrenata
- Cyathea bipinnata
- Cyathea boliviana
- Cyathea borinquena
- Cyathea bradei
- Cyathea brevistipes
- Cyathea brunnescens
- Cyathea × calolepis
- Cyathea caracasana
- Cyathea cicatricosa
- Cyathea concordia
- Cyathea conformis
- Cyathea conjugata
- Cyathea corallifera
- Cyathea costaricensis
- †Cyathea cranhamii
- Cyathea cyatheoides
- Cyathea cyclodium
- Cyathea cystolepis
- Cyathea darienensis
- Cyathea decomposita
- Cyathea decorata
- Cyathea decurrens
- Cyathea delgadii
- Cyathea demissa
- Cyathea dichromatolepis
- Cyathea dissimilis
- Cyathea dissoluta
- Cyathea divergens
- Cyathea dombeyi
- Cyathea dudleyi
- Cyathea ebenina
- Cyathea estelae
- Cyathea falcata
- Cyathea frigida
- Cyathea fulva
- Cyathea furfuracea
- Cyathea gardneri[1]
- Cyathea gibbosa
- Cyathea glauca
- Cyathea gracilis
- Cyathea halonata
- Cyathea harrisii
- Cyathea haughtii
- Cyathea hemiepiphytica
- Cyathea hirsuta
- Cyathea hodgeana
- Cyathea holdridgeana
- Cyathea howeana
- Cyathea impar
- Cyathea intramarginalis
- Cyathea jamaicensis
- Cyathea kalbreyeri
- Cyathea lasiosora
- Cyathea latevagens
- Cyathea lechleri
- Cyathea leucofolis
- Cyathea × lewisii
- Cyathea lockwoodiana
- Cyathea macrocarpa
- Cyathea macrosora
- Cyathea marginalis
- Cyathea microdonta
- Cyathea microphylla
- Cyathea microphylla[2]
- Cyathea mucilagina
- Cyathea multiflora
- Cyathea multisegmenta
- Cyathea myosuroides
- Cyathea nanna
- Cyathea nesiotica
- Cyathea nigripes
- Cyathea nodulifera
- Cyathea notabilis
- Cyathea onusta
- Cyathea palaciosii
- Cyathea paladensis
- Cyathea pallescens
- Cyathea parianensis
- Cyathea parva[3]
- Cyathea parvula
- Cyathea pauciflora
- Cyathea petiolata
- Cyathea phalaenolepis
- Cyathea phalerata
- Cyathea phegopteroides
- Cyathea pilosissima
- Cyathea pinnula
- Cyathea platylepis
- Cyathea poeppigii
- Cyathea praecincta
- Cyathea pseudonanna
- Cyathea pubens
- Cyathea punctata
- Cyathea pungens
- Cyathea robertsiana
- Cyathea rufa
- Cyathea ruiziana
- Cyathea sagittifolia
- Cyathea schiedeana
- Cyathea schlimii
- Cyathea senilis
- Cyathea simplex
- Cyathea sipapoensis
- Cyathea speciosa
- Cyathea squamulosa
- Cyathea steyermarkii
- Cyathea stipularis
- Cyathea stokesii
- Cyathea stolzei
- Cyathea straminea
- Cyathea subtropica
- Cyathea suprastrigosa
- Cyathea surinamensis
- Cyathea tenera
- Cyathea tortuosa
- Cyathea trichiata
- Cyathea tryonorum
- Cyathea ursina
- Cyathea valdecrenata
- Cyathea venezuelensis
- Cyathea villosa
- Cyathea weatherbyana
- Cyathea wendlandii
- Cyathea werffii
- Cyathea williamsii
- Section Alsophila
Notes
- ^ Cyathea gardneri (W. J. Hooker) Lellinger 1987, not C. gardneri W. J. Hooker 1844.
- ^ Cyathea microphylla (Klotzsch) Tryon 1970, not C. microphylla Mettenius 1856.
- ^ Cyathea parva (Maxon) Tryon 1976, not C. parva Copeland 1942.
References
- Braggins, John E. & Large, Mark F. 2004. Tree Ferns. Timber Press, Inc., p. 82. ISBN 0-88192-630-2
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cyathea_subg._Cyathea&oldid=544547978 |