Psittacula krameri (Scopoli, 1769)

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Global Range: RESIDENT: Native to northern Africa and southern Asia. Introduced and established in small numbers in southern Florida (Dade County), Hawaii (Hanapepe Valley, Kauai; Waimanalo, Oahu; Hilo, Hawaii), southern California (Los Angeles area, Bakersfield), Virginia (Hampton), and other places in Old World.

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorNatureServe
Sourcehttp://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Psittacula+krameri

Description:

    形态 （依据广东珠海市P. k.borealis标本）
    雄性成鸟 头辉绿色，至耳羽上方和后方以及颈侧渐变为淡蓝色，眼先至眼有一狭形黑线；颏、喉黑色，并向后两侧形成髭纹伸达颈侧与一狭形玫瑰红色的颈环相连；上体余部辉草绿色，近领环处显蓝色，腰和尾上覆羽特别辉亮。中央尾羽蓝绿色，基缘较绿，羽端狭缘以黄色；外侧尾羽越向外越呈绿色。翅绿色，翅上小、中覆羽略沾蓝色，大覆羽及飞羽色暗绿，外侧初级飞羽羽端及内翈黑色，外翈具狭形浅黄色边缘。下体为比背部较淡和较呈灰的绿色，但肛部以及覆腿羽、腋羽、翼下覆羽等的浅黄色。
    雌性成鸟 （据Baker, 1927）头上没黑斑或黑纹，颈部无玫瑰色的领环，其余像雄鸟。
     虹膜淡黄色；嘴珊瑚红色；脚石板灰至石板绿色。
    量衡度：（注：见图1）

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorEOL China Regional Center
SourceNo source database.

IUCN Red List Assessment:
Red List Category

LC
Least Concern

Red List Criteria

Version

3.1

Year Assessed

2012

Assessor/s

BirdLife International

Reviewer/s

Butchart, S. & Symes, A.

Contributor/s

Justification

This species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence <20,000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size, habitat extent/quality, or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation). The population trend appears to be increasing, and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population trend criterion (>30% decline over ten years or three generations). The population size has not been quantified, but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population size criterion (<10,000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be >10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern.

History

  • Least Concern (LC)
  • Least Concern (LC)
  • Least Concern (LC)
  • Lower Risk/least concern (LR/lc)
  • Lower Risk/least concern (LR/lc)
  • Lower Risk/least concern (LR/lc)
Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorInternational Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Sourcehttp://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/22685441

National NatureServe Conservation Status:
United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNA - Not Applicable

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorNatureServe
Sourcehttp://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Psittacula+krameri

Distribution:

自西非沿海岛屿、塞内加尔、几内亚，经埃塞俄比亚至印度北部、斯里兰卡、巴基斯坦、孟加拉国、缅甸、越南等，均为留鸟。

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/Author关贯勋,1991, EOL China Regional Center
SourceNo source database.

NatureServe Conservation Status:

Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorNatureServe
Sourcehttp://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Psittacula+krameri

Distribution:

广东珠海万山群岛（10月）及附近沿海一带

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/Author关贯勋,1991, EOL China Regional Center
SourceNo source database.

Status in Egypt:

Introduced breeder.

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorBibliotheca Alexandrina, BA Cultnat, Bibliotheca Alexandrina - EOL Ar
Sourcehttp://lifedesk.bibalex.org/ba/pages/1498

National Distribution:
United States

Origin: Exotic

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Present

Confidence: Confident

Type of Residency: Year-round

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorNatureServe
Sourcehttp://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Psittacula+krameri

Population:

Population

The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is reported to be common to abundant throughout its natural range (del Hoyo et al. 1997), while the population in Japan has been estimated at c.100-10,000 introduced breeding pairs (Brazil 2009).

Population Trend

Increasing
Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorInternational Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Sourcehttp://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/22685441
Scratchpads developed and conceived by (alphabetical): Ed Baker, Katherine Bouton Alice Heaton Dimitris Koureas, Laurence Livermore, Dave Roberts, Simon Rycroft, Ben Scott, Vince Smith