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Viviparidae
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Viviparidae:
Viviparidae, sometimes known as the river snails, are a family of large operculate freshwater snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks.
This family is classified in the informal group Architaenioglossa according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.
Distribution[edit]
This family occurs nearly worldwide in temperate and tropical regions, with the exception that they are absent from South America.
There are two genera of Viviparidae in Africa: Bellamya and Neothauma.[4]
Taxonomy[edit]
The family Viviparidae contains 3 subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005):
- Viviparinae Gray, 1847 (1833) - synonyms: Paludinidae Fitzinger, 1833 (inv.); Kosoviinae Atanackovic, 1859 (n.a.)
- Bellamyinae Rohrbach, 1937 - synonym: Amuropaludinidae Starobogatov, Prozorova, Bogatov & Sayenko, 2004 (n.a.)
- Lioplacinae Gill, 1863 - synonym: Campelomatinae Thiele, 1929
Genera[edit]
Genera within the family Viviparidae include:
subfamily Viviparinae Gray, 1847
- Galizgia Mikhaylovskiy, 1903
- † Kosovia Atanacković, 1959
- Trochopaludina Starobogatov, 1985
- Tulotoma Haldeman, 1840
- Viviparus Montfort, 1810 - type genus
subfamily Bellamyinae Rohrbach, 1937
- Amuropaludina Moskvicheva, 1979
- Angulyagra Rao, 1931[5]
- Anulotaia Brandt, 1968
- † Apameaus Sivan, Heller & van Damme, 2006.[6] This Pliocene-Pleistocene genus contains only one species Apameaus apameae Sivan, Heller & van Damme, 2006
- Bellamya Jousseame, 1886 - type genus of the subfamily
- Cipangopaludina Hannibal, 1912[5]
- Eyriesia P. Fischer, 1885
- Filopaludina Habe, 1964
- Heterogen Annandale, 1921 - with the only species Heterogen longispira (E. A. Smith, 1886)
- Idiopoma Pilsbry, 1901
- Laguncula Benson, 1842
- Larina Adams, 1851[1]
- Margarya Nevill, 1877
- Mekongia Crosse & Fischer, 1876
- Neclarina Iredale, 1943
- Notopala Cotton, 1935[7]
- Rivularia Heude, 1890
- Sinotaia Haas, 1939
- Taia Annandale, 1918
- † Temnotaia Annandale, 1919
- Torotaia Haas, 1939
- Trochotaia Brandt, 1974
subfamily Lioplacinae Gill, 1863
subfamily ?
- † Albianopalin Hamilton-Bruce, Smith & Gowlett-Holmes, 2002[8] - from Albian, New South Wales[8]
- Neothauma E. A. Smith, 1880 - with the only species Neothauma tanganyicense E. A. Smith, 1880[4]
- Siamopaludina Brandt, 1968
- Genera brought into synonymy
- Centrapala Cotton, 1935:[1] synonym of Larina A. Adams, 1855
- Contectiana Bourguignat, 1880: synonym of Viviparus Montfort, 1810
- Eularina Iredale, 1943: synonym of Larina A. Adams, 1855
- subfamily † Kosoviinae Atanacković, 1959: synonym of Viviparidae Gray, 1847
- Lecythoconcha Annandale, 1920: synonym of Cipangopaludina Hannibal, 1912
- Metohia Popović, 1964 : (junior homonym, no replacement name available in 2014)
- Notopalena Iredale, 1943: synonym of Notopala Cotton, 1935
- Paludina Férussac, 1812: synonym of Viviparus Montfort, 1810
- Siamopaludina Brandt, 1968 : synonym of Filopaludina (Siamopaludina) Brandt, 1968 represented as Filopaludina Habe, 1964
- Vivipara : synonym of Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Life cycle[edit]
Life spans have been reported from 3 to 11 years in various species of Viviparidae.[9]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c Kear B. P., Hamilton-Bruce R. J., Smith B. J. & Gowlett-Holmes K. L. (2003). "Reassessment of Australia's oldest freshwater snail, Viviparus (?) albascopularis Etheridge, 1902 (Mollusca : Gastropoda : Viviparidae), from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian, Wallumbilla Formation) of White Cliffs, New South Wales". Molluscan Research 23(2): 149-158. doi:10.1071/MR03003, PDF.
- ^ Gray J. E. (November 1847) (1833). "A list of genera of Recent Mollusca, their synonyma and types". Proceedings of the Zoological Society in London, 15: 129-182. Viviparidae at page 155.
- ^ Strong E. E., Gargominy O., Ponder W. F. & Bouchet P. (2008). "Global Diversity of Gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in Freshwater". Hydrobiologia 595: 149-166. hdl:10088/7390 doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9012-6.
- ^ a b Brown D. S. (1994). Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-7484-0026-5.
- ^ a b (file created 29 July 2010) FRESH WATER MOLLUSCAN SPECIES IN INDIA. 11 pp. accessed 31 July 2010.
- ^ Sivan N., Heller J. & van Damme D. (November 2006) "Fossil Viviparidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the Levant" Journal of Conchology 39(2): 207-220. abstract
- ^ River Snail (Notopala sublineata). accessed 26 September 2010
- ^ a b Hamilton-Bruce R. J., Smith B. J. & Gowlett-Holmes K. L. (2002). "Descriptions of a new genus and two new species of viviparid snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Viviparidae) from the Early Cretaceous (middle-late Albian) Griman Creek Formation of Lightning Ridge, northern New South Wales". Records of the South Australian Museum 35': 193–203. PDF
- ^ Heller J. (1990) "Longevity in molluscs". Malacologia 31(2): 259-295.
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Other Physical Features: ectothermic ; bilateral symmetry
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Statistics of barcoding coverage:
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
Specimen Records:336
Specimens with Sequences:315
Specimens with Barcodes:257
Species:67
Species With Barcodes:65
Public Records:298
Public Species:63
Public BINs:38