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Species
Lygodium japonicum (Thunb. ex Murr.) Sw.
IUCN
NCBI
EOL Text
More info for the terms: fern, ferns, marsh, presence, tree
As of this writing (2005), there are few published accounts of specific North
American habitat types and plant communities where climbing ferns are common or
likely to be found.
A survey of Big Branch Marsh National Wildlife Refuge in southeastern Louisiana
found Japanese climbing fern "well established" in both American beech
(Fagus grandifolia)-southern magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora) woods
and "mixed woods" (successional forests dominated by loblolly pine
(Pinus taeda)) [31].
A review by Pemberton and Ferriter [25] indicates that Old World climbing fern is
common in baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) stands and also occurs in pine
(Pinus spp.) flatwoods, wet prairies, sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense)
marshes, mangrove (Rhizophora, Avicennia, and/or Laguncularia
spp.) communities, and Everglades tree islands. Volin and others [38] found that
presence of small-spike false nettle (Boehmeria cylindrica), royal fern
(Osmunda regalis), resurrection fern (Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp.
polypodioides), and toothed midsorus fern (Blechnum serrulatum) were
significant (p<0.05) indicators of Old World climbing fern occurrence in Big
Cypress National Preserve and Big Cypress Seminole Indian Reservation, southern
Florida.
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 7
Specimens with Barcodes: 7
Species With Barcodes: 1
More info on this topic.
This species is known to occur in association with the following Rangeland Cover Types (as classified by the Society for Range Management, SRM):
More info for the terms: cover, fresh, hardwood, marsh
SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES [32]:
711 Bluestem-sacahuista prairie J
723 Sea oats J
726 Cordgrass J
806 Gulf Coast salt marsh JO
807 Gulf Coast fresh marsh JO
809 Mixed hardwood and pine J
810 Longleaf pine-turkey oak hills JO
811 South Florida flatwoods JO
812 North Florida flatwoods J
813 Cutthroat seeps JO
814 Cabbage palm flatwoods JO
815 Upland hardwood hammocks J
816 Cabbage palm hammocks JO
817 Oak hammocks JO
818 Florida salt marsh JO
819 Freshwater marsh and ponds JO
820 Everglades flatwoods JO
821 Pitcher plant bogs J
822 Slough JO
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: NNA - Not Applicable
More info on this topic.
This species is known to occur in association with the following cover types (as classified by the Society of American Foresters):
More info for the terms: cover, swamp
SAF COVER TYPES [4]:
40 Post oak-blackjack oak J
50 Black locust J
52 White oak-black oak-northern red oak J
53 White oak J
57 Yellow-poplar J
59 Yellow-poplar-white oak-northern red oak J
61 River birch-sycamore J
63 Cottonwood J
64 Sassafras-persimmon J
68 Mesquite J
70 Longleaf pine JO
73 Southern redcedar JO
74 Cabbage palmetto JO
75 Shortleaf pine J
76 Shortleaf pine-oak J
78 Virginia pine-oak J
79 Virginia pine J
80 Loblolly pine-shortleaf pine J
81 Loblolly pine J
82 Loblolly pine-hardwood J
83 Longleaf pine-slash pine JO
84 Slash pine JO
85 Slash pine-hardwood JO
87 Sweetgum-yellow-poplar JO
88 Willow oak-water oak-diamondleaf (laurel) oak J
89 Live oak J
91 Swamp chestnut oak-cherrybark oak J
92 Sweetgum-willow oak J
93 Sugarberry-American elm-green ash J
94 Sycamore-sweetgum-American elm J
95 Black willow JO
96 Overcup oak-water hickory J
97 Atlantic white-cedar J
98 Pond pine J
100 Pondcypress JO
101 Baldcypress JO
102 Baldcypress-tupelo JO
103 Water tupelo-swamp tupelo JO
104 Sweetbay-swamp tupelo-redbay JO
105 Tropical hardwoods JO
106 Mangrove O
108 Red maple J
110 Black oak J
111 South Florida slash pine JO
Rounded Global Status Rank: GNR - Not Yet Ranked
Reasons: Abundance unknown in its native Japan. (Escaped from cultivation into much of the southeastern U.S. and Texas.)
More info for the terms: fern, ferns, nonnative species
Japanese climbing fern is native from India, east through southeastern Asia and China to Japan and Korea, and south to eastern Australia (Singh and Panigrahi 1984 as cited in [5]). North American establishment was first recorded in the early 1900s in Georgia (Clute 1903 as cited in [25]). Japanese climbing fern is now introduced throughout the southeastern United States from Texas and Arkansas to North Carolina, and also in Puerto Rico (Proctor 1989, Nauman 1993 as cited in [5]). It is considered a "problem weed" from central Florida west across the southern half of the Gulf states [28].
Old World climbing fern is native to tropical and subtropical areas of Africa, southeastern Asia, northern and eastern Australia, and the Pacific islands (reviewed by [5,24]). In North America it is found in southern and central Florida [21,44]. Large parts of the Caribbean, Central and South America, and perhaps coastal areas of southern Louisiana and Texas may also be vulnerable to Old World climbing fern invasion [10,23,25]. Old World climbing fern was first collected from the wild in southern Florida in 1960 [15]. As of 2005, Florida Plant Atlas [42] showed Old World climbing fern distribution in southern Florida from coast to coast and as far north as Hillsborough and Brevard counties. Ecological/climate modeling indicates Old World climbing fern could become established throughout most of southern Florida, with northern distribution extending furthest along the coasts [10].
Ferriter [5] reviewed the history of climbing fern invasion in the southeastern U.S.
The Flora of North America provides distribution maps of climbing ferns.
The following biogeographic classification systems demonstrate where Japanese climbing fern (labeled with the abbreviation J) and Old World climbing fern (O) could potentially be found based on floras and other literature, herbarium samples, and confirmed observations. Precise distribution information is unavailable. In general, predicting distribution of nonnative species in North America is difficult due to gaps in understanding of their biological and ecological characteristics, and because they may still be expanding their range. Therefore, these lists are speculative and may be imprecise.
More info on this topic.
This species is known to occur in association with the following plant community types (as classified by Küchler 1964):
KUCHLER [14] PLANT ASSOCIATIONS:
K077 Bluestem-sacahuista prairie J
K078 Southern cordgrass prairie J
K079 Palmetto prairie JO
K080 Marl everglades O
K090 Live oak-sea oats J
K091 Cypress savanna JO
K092 Everglades JO
K100 Oak-hickory forest J
K105 Mangrove O
K111 Oak-hickory-pine J
K112 Southern mixed forest JO
K113 Southern floodplain forest J
K114 Pocosin J
K116 Subtropical pine forest JO
More info for the terms: fern, invasive species
Old World climbing fern and Japanese climbing fern are both listed as category I invasive species ("...are altering native plant communities by displacing native species, changing community structures or ecological functions, or hybridizing with natives") by Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council [7], and as noxious weeds by the State of Florida [8].
United States
Origin: Exotic
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Unknown/Undetermined
Confidence: Confident
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | NatureServe |
Source | http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Lygodium+japonicum |