Verbenaceae
IUCN
NCBI
EOL Text
Herbs, shrubs, trees or woody climbers, sometimes spiny, with often square stems. Stipules 0. Leaves usually opposite, sometimes whorled, rarely alternate, simple or dissected. Flowers mostly zygomorphic and 2-lipped, sometimes ± actinomorphic, usually 4-5-merous, usually bisexual. Calyx and corolla 4-5-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous. Disk usually present. Ovary superior, usually 2-locular, usually soon 4 (or more)-locular by development of false septa. Ovules 2 in each true loculus. Fruit a drupe with 2-4 pyrenes or dividing at maturity into 2 or 4 nutlets.
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
Specimen Records:693
Specimens with Sequences:924
Specimens with Barcodes:648
Species:172
Species With Barcodes:169
Public Records:385
Public Species:140
Public BINs:0
Verbenaceae /vɜrbiːˈneɪsiː/, commonly known as the verbena family or vervain family, is a family of mainly tropical flowering plants. It contains trees, shrubs and herbs notable for heads, spikes, or clusters of small flowers, many of which have an aromatic smell.[2]
Recent phylogenetic studies[3] have shown that numerous genera traditionally classified in Verbenaceae belong instead in Lamiaceae. The new narrowly circumscribed Verbenaceae family includes some 35 genera and 1,200 species.[4][5] The mangrove genus Avicennia, sometimes placed in Verbenaceae[6] or in its own family, Avicenniaceae,[7] has rather confidently been placed in Acanthaceae.[4]
Economically important Verbenaceae include:
- Lemon Verbena (Aloysia triphylla), grown for aroma or flavoring
- Verbenas or vervains (Verbena), some used in herbalism, others grown in gardens
Genera[edit]
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The genera in the new narrowly circumscribed family:[8]
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Excluded genera[edit]
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References[edit]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Verbenaceae. |
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Wikispecies has information related to: Verbenaceae |
- ^ a b "Family: Verbenaceae J. St.-Hil., nom. cons.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-04-12. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
- ^ Stevens, P. F. (July 12, 2012). "Verbenaceae". Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
- ^ Cantino, P.D., Harley, R.M. & Wagstaff, S.J. 1992. Genera of Labiatae: status and classification. Pp. 511-522. In Harley, R.M. & Reynolds, T. (eds) Advances in Labiate Science. Richmond, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ a b "Angiosperm Phylogeny Website - Lamiales". Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
- ^ Heywood, V.H., Brummitt, R.K., Culham, A. & Seberg, O. 2007: Flowering Plant Families of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ Grandtner, Miroslav M. (2005). Elsevier's Dictionary of Trees: With Names in Latin, English, French, Spanish and Other Languages 1. Elsevier. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-444-51784-5.
- ^ Nelson, Gil (1994). The Trees of Florida: a Reference and Field Guide. Pineapple Press Inc. p. 52. ISBN 978-1-56164-055-3.
- ^ "GRIN Genera of Verbenaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
- ^ "GRIN genera sometimes placed in Verbenaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
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| Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Verbenaceae&oldid=633705670 |