You are here
Species
Pyralidae
IUCN
NCBI
EOL Text
Number of stemmata:
from 1 to 6
Secondary setae:
absent
Body setae on verrucae:
absent
Body setae on chalazae:
absent
Body setae on scoli:
absent
Pairs of thoracic legs:
from 3
Larval abdomen description:
A8 SD1 surrounded by chitinous ring (occasionally reduced). A1-A7: L2 anterodorsal or sometimes dorsal of L1. A8 SV-group usually bisetose. A9 L group usually trisetose (L3 rarely lost). Anal shield: distance D1-D1 usually greater than SD1-SD1 (exceptions in Galleriinae, Pyralinae, Euzophera). Crochets in complete circle.
Abdominal glands:
absent
Abdominal prolegs:
present
Pairs of abdominal legs:
from 5
Proleg configuration:
normal
Anal comb on A10:
absent
Reproductive system:
Ditrysian
Oviscapt (ovipositor):
non-piercing
Female genitalia description:
Ostium bursa opening venterally behind sternite 7; ductus bursa generally narrow duct, may be membranous, sclerotized or scobinate; antrum is sclerotized caudal region of ductus bursa; corpus bursa enlarged and sac like, may contain variously shaped signa; accesory sac may arise from corpus bursae; ductus seminalis originates from ductus bursa or corpus bursa; oviscapt is telescopic and is formed from abdominal segments 8 and 9, extension and retraction of oviscapt controlled by muscles inserting on apophyses anteriores (tergite 8) and apophyses posteriores (tergite 9); anal papillae are external membranous setose lobes formed from segments 9-10
Female pregenital sexual scales:
absent
Female accessory glands:
one pair
Female oviduct opening:
below anus
Female bursa ostium opening:
between S7 and venter 8
Female anterior apophyses originating:
originating from T8
Male coremata:
absent
Male pregenital sexual scales:
present, absent
Male genitalia description:
tegumen and vinculum form complete ring; vinculum elongated anteriorally into saccus; uncus usually well developed, although may be reduced; uncus with ventro-anteriorly elongate arms articulating with gnathos; uncus may be setose caudally; gnathos variable, may be present or reduced; distal end of gnathos variously modified; valves often simple, although may be lobed or setose; transtilla variably developed; juxta platelike; aedoeagus (phallotheca) short cylinder; caecum present or absent; cornuti present or absent
Sternum 5:
without fenestra
Sternum 5 gland:
absent
Male has:
phallotheca and aedeagus (phallus)
Epiphysis:
present
Adult thorax description:
Males may have androconia.
Forelegs:
normal, modified
Leg description:
Variable. From long and slender to short and stout. May be smoothly scaled or with modified scales. Some males with prominent androconia.
Wing venation??description:
Forewing of variable shape. Forewing veins with R2 closely apposed to R3 and R4, and not usually stalked; R3, R4 and R5 may be reduced to one or two veins; M1 originates near anterior angle of discal cell; M2, M3 and CuA1 originate from posterior angle of cell; M2 and M3 may be stalked; CuP well developed, incomplete, or absent and reduced to a fold; 1A strongly developed; 2A distally free or connected to 1A by a crossvein to form a closed cell, sometimes with a free portion extending beyond this cell. Hindwing wide, with narrow fringe. Hindwing veins Sc+R1 and Rs may be anastomosed or separate; M2 and M3 usually separate, but may be fused; CuA1 and CuA2 usually arising separately from discal cell; CuA1 free, rarely fused with M3; CuP and 1A+2A present.
Wing venation:
heteroneurous
Forewing basal loop:
absent
Forewing pterostigma:
absent
Forewing chorda:
absent
Forewing upper surface with microtrichia:
absent
Hindwing anal vein notation:
In Phycitinae, radial sector free or partially fused with Sc+Rs. M2+3 fused (partially or fully), or separate. Cell often open. CuP absent. All three Anal Veins generally present.
Hindwing pterostigma:
absent
Wing coupling:
present, with frenulum
Forewing description:
Both sexes with a retinaculum of stiff scales on underside of cubital area. Males may have sclerotized frenulum hook, but is lost in some groups.
Hindwing description:
Frenulum single in males, and may be single or multiple in females.
Abdomen tympanum:
present
Abdomen tympanum description:
Tympanal cases closed; conjunctiva and tympanum in the same plane; praecinctorium absent; secondary venulae present or absent
Thorax tympanum:
absent
Ocelli:
present, absent
Eyes:
smooth
Labial palpus:
porrect, upcurved
Labial palpus modification:
Labial palps have also been described as obliquely ascending
Maxillary palpus:
present, absent, minute
Proboscis:
present, absent, reduced
Proboscis texture:
scaled
Proboscis description:
Densely scaled on exposed basal anterior surface
Mandibles:
absent, reduced
Head vertex scaling:
normal
Female antennae:
bipectinate, filiform, pectinate
Male antennae:
bipectinate, filiform, pectinate, thickened
Male pedicel description:
In Phycitinae the scape may posses various modification, such as having a long spine or being deeply notched.
Male flagellomere description:
In Phycitinae the basal flagellomere may posses various modifications, mainly in the form of a high concentration of scale-like sensilla.
Antennal sensillum:
Antennal sensillum present
Basiconium:
few
Sensillum vesiculocladum:
absent
Asciod sensilla:
absent
General antennae description:
Often sexually dimorphic
Adult head description:
Frons rounded, scaling smooth; chaetosema often present, but reduced, forms a radiating group of fine seta near posteroventral angle of vertex
Apomorphies:
Forewing vein R5 stalked or fused with R3+R4. Tympanal case closed, or nearly closed. Praecinctorium absent. Tympanum and conjunctiva lie in the same plane. Male genitalia with uncus arms, a pair of processes arising laterally from the base of the uncus. Larvae almost always with sclerotized ring around base of seta SD1
Animal / pathogen
Entomophthora neopyralidarum infects adult of Pyralidae
Animal / parasitoid / endoparasitoid
larva of Eurysthaea scutellaris is endoparasitoid of larva of Pyralidae
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | BioImages, BioImages - the Virtual Fieldguide (UK) |
Source | http://www.bioimages.org.uk/html/Pyralidae.htm |
Pyralidae (pyralid lepidopterans) preys on:
Mammalia
Based on studies in:
Costa Rica (Carrion substrate)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Cynthia Sims Parr, Joel Sachs, SPIRE |
Source | http://spire.umbc.edu/fwc/ |
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
Specimen Records:28769
Specimens with Sequences:26314
Specimens with Barcodes:25038
Species:2344
Species With Barcodes:2119
Public Records:7690
Public Species:1164
Public BINs:1423