Urochloa maxima var. trichoglumis (Robyns) R.D. Webster
IUCN
NCBI
EOL Text
Tall tufted perennial, usually 1-2 m tall, occasionally much taller. Inflorescence a large open panicle, pyramidal or oblong in outline with the lower branches often whorled. Spikelets 3-4.5 mm, glabrous or pubescent, sometimes overtopped by long hairs from tip of pedicel; lower glume broadly ovate, 1/3 to 1/2 length of spikelet, 3-nerved; upper glume ovate-oblong, 5-nerved, acute; lower lemma ovate-oblong, 5-nerved; upper lemma strongly transversely rugose.
"Perennials. Culms to 200 cm high, erect, tufted; nodes bearded. Leaves 20-50 x 1-1.5 cm, linear, base rounded, apex acuminate; sheaths to 30 cm long, glabrous or tubercle-based hairy; ligules membranous. Panicles 10-30 cm long, effuse, decompound; branches to 18 cm long, whorled at the lower nodes, alternate above; pedicels to 5 mm long. Spikelets 3-4 mm long, oblong, acute. Lower glume c. 1 x 1 mm, broadly ovate. Upper glume 2-3 x 1-1.5 mm, oblong, obtuse. Lower floret male. Upper floret bisexual. First lemma 2-3 x 1-1.5 mm, oblong. Palea c. 2.5 x 1 mm, elliptic-acute. Stamens 3. Second lemma c. 2 x 1 mm, ovate, acute, subcoriaceous, transversely rugose. Palea c.2 x 1.5 mm, elliptic, subcoriaceous, rugose. Stamens 3. Ovary elliptic; stigma pink. Grains c. 1.5 mm long, ovate."
4.4 Conducta
Maleza, agresiva por su amplia distribución (Beetle et al., 1999).
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| Rights holder/Author | CONABIO |
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6.1.4 Salud
Puede ser tóxica para los caballos (Beetle et al., 1999).
6.1.3 Económico
Rinde de 50 a 80 ton de forraje fresco por hectárea, cortándose cada 4 a 8 semanas en la temporada de lluvias.
La producción de semilla del pasto Guinea común en México es una actividad que se realiza en forma artesanal y sin ninguna tecnología, es mas bien una actividad oportunista en la cual algunos productores cosechan la semilla de las orillas de los caminos y bordes de carretera, no reciben ningún beneficio por lo que el resultado es una semilla de baja calidad.
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| Rights holder/Author | CONABIO |
| Source | No source database. |
maximum: largest
Megathyrsus maximus (Jacquin) B. K. Simon & S. W. L. Jacobs; Panicum hirsutissimum Steudel; P. jumentorum Persoon; P. maximum var. hirsutissimum (Steudel) Oliver; P. poly-gamum Swartz.
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| Rights holder/Author | eFloras.org Copyright © Missouri Botanical Garden |
| Source | http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200025820 |
Flowering and fruiting: August-December
Megathyrsus maximus, known as Guinea grass and green panic grass in English, is a large perennial bunch grass that is native to Africa, Palestine, and Yemen. It has been introduced in the tropics around the world. Until 2003, it was named Urochloa maxima. It was moved to genus Megathyrsus, which it shares with one other species, M. infestus.[3]
Description[edit]
Megathyrsus maximus grows naturally in open grasslands, usually under or near trees and shrubs and along riverbanks. It can withstand wildfire and drought. The species has broad morphological and agronomic variability, ranging in height from 0.5 to 3.5 m (1.6 to 11.5 ft), with 5–10 cm (2.0–3.9 in) stems. Panicles are open, with as many as 9000 seeds per plant.
Uses[edit]
It can be used as a long-term foraging grass, if grazed consistently and if fertilized. It is well suited for cut-and-carry, a practice in which grass is harvested and brought to a ruminant animal in an enclosed system. Shade tolerance makes it suited to coexisting with trees in agroforestry. Some varieties have been used successfully for making silage and hay. The leaves contain good levels of protein, 6-25% depending on age and nitrogen supply.
Invasive species[edit]
In some places, such as Sri Lanka, it is considered an invasive weed that suppresses or displaces local native plants and is a fire hazard.[4]
In the Australian state of Queensland, the Queensland Acclimatisation Society introduced Guinea grass to 22 locations between 1865 and 1869.[5]
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Notes[edit]
- ^ "Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B.K.Simon & S.W.L. Jacobs". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-06-25. Retrieved 2010-01-07.
- ^ Panicum maximum. Tropical Forages.
- ^ Megathyrsus. Grass Manual. Flora of North America.
- ^ Wisumperuma, D. (2007). Guinea grass at Sungei Buloh Nature Park. 219.
- ^ Clements, R. J. and E. F. Henzell. (2010).Pasture research and development in northern Australia: an ongoing scientific adventure. Tropical Grasslands 44, 221–30.
References[edit]
- Wisumperuma, D. (2007). First known record of guinea grass cultivation in Sri Lanka, 1801-1802. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Sri Lanka 53, 219-226.
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| Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
| Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Megathyrsus_maximus&oldid=653607150 |
Flowering class: Monocot Habit: Herb Distribution notes: Exotic
Type fragment for Panicum tephrosanthum Hack. in Schinz
Catalog Number: US 81143
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
Verification Degree: Original publication and alleged type specimen examined
Preparation: Pressed specimen
Collector(s): L. Menyharth
Year Collected: 1891
Locality: Boruma, Sambesi., Mozambique, Africa
- Type fragment: Hackel, E. 1901. Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2. 1: 766.
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| Rights holder/Author | This image was obtained from the Smithsonian Institution. Unless otherwise noted, this image or its contents may be protected by international copyright laws. |
| Source | http://collections.mnh.si.edu/search/botany/?irn=2119837 |