Cytisus

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Associations:

Foodplant / gall
Aceria genistae causes gall of live stem of Cytisus

Plant / associate
Anthocoris sarothamni is associated with Cytisus

Foodplant / gall
Aphis laburni causes gall of root of Cytisus

Foodplant / gall
larva of Apion atratulum causes gall of 2-3 year old twigs of Cytisus

Foodplant / gall
larva of Apion immune causes gall of 2-3 year old twigs of Cytisus

In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / pathogen
Armillaria mellea s.l. infects and damages Cytisus

Foodplant / gall
larva of Asphondylia pilosa causes gall of bud of Cytisus

Foodplant / gall
autumn generation larva of Asphondylia sarothamni causes gall of pod of Cytisus

Plant / associate
adult of Bruchidius villosus is associated with Cytisus

Foodplant / spinner
caterpillar of Cacoecimorpha pronubana spins live leaf of Cytisus

Foodplant / saprobe
perithecium of Chaetosphaeria myriocarpa is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 1-12

Foodplant / sap sucker
Chionaspis salicis sucks sap of live stem of Cytisus

Foodplant / gall
larva of Contarinia pulchripes causes gall of pod of Cytisus

Foodplant / gall
larva of Contarinia scoparii causes gall of leaf (vein) of Cytisus
Other: sole host/prey

Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Crocicreas complicatum is saprobic on dead wood of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 1-3

Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent, in clusters, scantily subiculate pseudothecium of Cucurbitaria spartii is saprobic on dead twig of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 1-4

Foodplant / saprobe
superficial stroma of ascoma of Daldinia caldariorum is saprobic on stem of Cytisus

Foodplant / gall
larva of Dasineura tubicola causes gall of bud of Cytisus

Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, often loosely grouped perithecium of Diaporthe eres is saprobic on wood of Cytisus

Foodplant / saprobe
immersed perithecium of Diaporthe inaequalis is saprobic on dead twig of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 12-7

Foodplant / saprobe
aggregated or in series, immersed then emergent pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph of Diaporthe sarothamni is saprobic on dead, dry branch of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 12-3

Foodplant / saprobe
immersed pycnidium of Selenophoma coelomycetous anamorph of Discosphaerina cytisi is saprobic on dead leaf of Cytisus

Foodplant / saprobe
superficial or partly immersed apothecium of Durella atrocyanea is saprobic on mainly decorticate branch of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 1-2
Other: major host/prey

Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Endophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph of Endophragmiella ellisii is saprobic on dead wood of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 9-5

Foodplant / parasite
conidial anamorph of Erysiphe trifolii parasitises live leaf of Cytisus
Other: minor host/prey

Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, stromatic perithecium of Eutypella scoparia is saprobic on dead branch of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 1-4

Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Acrogenospora dematiaceous anamorph of Farlowiella carmichaeliana is saprobic on dead bark of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 2-4

Foodplant / saprobe
clustered perithecium of Gibberella pulicaris is saprobic on dead branch of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 1-4
Other: minor host/prey

Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Graphium dematiaceous anamorph of Graphium calicioides is saprobic on rotten wood of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 9-5

Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph of Helminthosporium velutinum is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Cytisus

Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Henicospora dematiaceous anamorph of Henicospora minor is saprobic on dead leaf of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 9-11

Foodplant / sap sucker
Icerya purchasi sucks sap of live Cytisus
Other: major host/prey

Foodplant / gall
larva of Janetiella tuberculi causes gall of stem of Cytisus

Foodplant / saprobe
embedded perithecium of Kalmusia sarothamni is saprobic on dead, decorticate, locally blackened branch of Cytisus

Foodplant / saprobe
pycnidium of Aposphaeria coelomycetous anamorph of Melanomma fuscidulum is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 3-5

Foodplant / saprobe
superficial, often in very large clusters pseudothecium of Melanomma pulvis-pyrius is saprobic on dry, hard, decorticate branch wood of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 9-5

Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Chloridium dematiaceous anamorph of Melanopsammella preussii is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 11-5

Plant / associate
larva of Meliscaeva auricollis is associated with aphid-infested Cytisus

Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, becoming erumpent pycnidium of Microsphaeropsis coelomycetous anamorph of Microsphaeropsis olivacea is saprobic on branch of Cytisus

Foodplant / saprobe
sessile apothecium of Mollisia melaleuca is saprobic on dead wood of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 10-5

Foodplant / saprobe
sporodochium of Tubercularia anamorph of Nectria cinnabarina is saprobic on dead branch of Cytisus

Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent stroma of Nectria coccinea is saprobic on dead branch of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 9-5

Plant / associate
perithecium of Nectria episphaeria is associated with pyrenomycete infection Cytisus
Remarks: season: 3-5

Foodplant / saprobe
perithecium of Nectria mammoidea var. mammoidea is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 9-5

Foodplant / saprobe
superficial perithecium of Nectria pseudopeziza is saprobic on dead branch of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 9-4

Foodplant / saprobe
Cylindrocarpon anamorph of Nectria veuillotiana is saprobic on dead branch of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 10-3

Foodplant / saprobe
perithecium of Nectria viridescens is saprobic on bark of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 9-5

Foodplant / parasite
underground tuber of Orobanche rapum-genistae parasitises root of Cytisus
Other: major host/prey

Foodplant / sap sucker
Parthenolecanium corni sucks sap of live shoot of Cytisus

Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent, mostly solitary, sessile apothecium of Pezicula scoparia is saprobic on dead branch of Cytisus

Foodplant / sap sucker
adult of Piezodorus lituratus sucks sap of unripe pod of Cytisus

Foodplant / saprobe
scattered, immersed pseudothecium of Pleospora cytisi is saprobic on dead twig of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 1-2

Foodplant / feeds on
Polydrusus marginatus feeds on Cytisus
Other: minor host/prey

Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Sporidesmiella dematiaceous anamorph of Sporidesmiella hyalosperma var. hyalosperma is saprobic on dead branch of Cytisus
Remarks: season: 2-10

Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph of Sporidesmium coronatum is saprobic on dead bark of Cytisus

Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph of Sporidesmium goidanichii is saprobic on dead leaf of Cytisus

Foodplant / parasite
telium of Uromyces pisi-sativi parasitises live leaf (petiole) of Cytisus
Other: minor host/prey

Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Volutella anamorph of Volutella ciliata is saprobic on dead Cytisus
Remarks: season: 10-4

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorBioImages, BioImages - the Virtual Fieldguide (UK)
Sourcehttp://www.bioimages.org.uk/html/Cytisus.htm

Functional adaptation:

Tension releases seeds: broom
 

Seed pods of broom shrub disperse seeds via evaporative tension buildup and release.

 

 
  "Broom powers its explosions in exactly the opposite manner. Its launching energy comes not from an increase of liquid but from its evaporation. As a pod warms on a summer's day, the side facing the sun dries faster than that in the shade. This sets up a tension in the pod which finally causes it to split suddenly into its two halves, catapulting its tiny black seeds in all directions as it does so." (Attenborough 1995:16)
  Learn more about this functional adaptation.

  • Attenborough, D. 1995. The Private Life of Plants: A Natural History of Plant Behavior. London: BBC Books. 320 p.
Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
Rights holder/Author(c) 2008-2009 The Biomimicry Institute
Sourcehttp://www.asknature.org/strategy/03d8c814e08534c2a8fa15b54fb50ff8

Statistics of barcoding coverage:

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
Specimen Records:68
Specimens with Sequences:75
Specimens with Barcodes:36
Species:22
Species With Barcodes:22
Public Records:51
Public Species:19
Public BINs:0

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorSujeevan Ratnasingham, Paul D.N. Hebert, Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)
Sourcehttp://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Taxbrowser_Taxonpage?taxid=288729

Barcode data:

Access Published & Released Data: Download FASTA File

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorSujeevan Ratnasingham, Paul D.N. Hebert, Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)
Sourcehttp://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Taxbrowser_Taxonpage?taxid=288729

Cytisus:

Cytisus is a genus of about 50 species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, native to open sites (typically scrub and heathland) in Europe, western Asia and North Africa. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae, and is one of several genera in the tribe Genisteae which are commonly called brooms. They are shrubs producing masses of brightly coloured, pea-like flowers, often highly fragrant.[2] Members of the segregate genera, Calicotome and Lembotropis are sometimes included in Cytisus.



Species[edit]

Cytisus comprises the following species:[3][4][5]

Species names with uncertain taxonomic status[edit]

The status of the following species is unresolved:[5]

Hybrids and cultivars[edit]

The following hybrids have been described:[5]

  • +Laburnocytisus 'Adamii' (Poit.) C. K. Schneid. (Laburnum anagyroides + Chamaecytisus purpureus) (not a true hybrid but a graft-chimera)
  • Cytisus ×beanii G.Nicholson (Cytisus ardoini × Cytisus purgans)
  • Cytisus ×czerniaevii Krecz.
  • Cytisus ×dallimorei Rolfe (Cytisus multiflorus × Cytisus scoparius)
  • Cytisus ×praecox Beauverd (Cytisus multiflorus × Cytisus purgans)
  • Cytisus ×syreiszczikowi V.I. Krecz.
  • Cytisus ×vadasii J.Wagner
  • Cytisus ×versicolor Dippel (Cytisus hirsutus × Cytisus purpureus)
  • Cytisus ×virescens Beck
  • Cytisus ×watereri Wettst.

Species have been widely cultivated and hybridised, and the following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:

  • 'Boskoop Ruby'[9] (crimson flowers)
  • 'Burkwoodii'[10] (red and yellow flowers)
  • 'Hollandia'[11] (red and cream flowers)
  • C. ×kewensis[12] (Cytisus ardoinii × Cytisus multiflorus; small, prostrate shrub with cream flowers)
  • C. ×praecox 'Allgold'[13] (yellow flowers)
  • C. ×praecox 'Warminster' [14] (pale yellow flowers)
  • 'Zeelandia'[15] (pink and cream flowers)
  • 'Lena' broom is noteworthy also as a popular garden shrub of mainly hybrid origins.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Cardoso D, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP, Boatwright JS, Van Wyk B-E, Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M. (2013). "Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes". S Afr J Bot 89: 58–75. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.05.001. 
  2. ^ RHS A–Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 1405332964. 
  3. ^ "ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Cytisus". International Legume Database & Information Service. Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 17 April 2014. 
  4. ^ USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. "GRIN species records of Cytisus". Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved 17 April 2014. 
  5. ^ a b c "The Plant List entry for Cytisus". The Plant List. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Missouri Botanical Garden. 2013. Retrieved 17 April 2014. 
  6. ^ Some sources treat Cytisus ingramii as a synonym of Cytisus commutatus.
  7. ^ Some sources treat Cytisus racemosus as a synonym of Genista stenopetala.
  8. ^ Some sources treat Cytisus stenopetalus as member of the genus Genista: Genista stenopetala.
  9. ^ "RHS Plant Selector—Cytisus 'Boskoop Ruby'". Retrieved 17 July 2013. 
  10. ^ "RHS Plant Selector—Cytisus 'Burkwoodii'". Retrieved 17 July 2013. 
  11. ^ "RHS Plant Selector—Cytisus 'Hollandia'". Retrieved 17 July 2013. 
  12. ^ "RHS Plant Selector—Cytisus ×kewensis". Retrieved 17 July 2013. 
  13. ^ "RHS Plant Selector—Cytisus ×praecox 'Allgold". Retrieved 17 July 2013. 
  14. ^ "RHS Plant Selector—Cytisus ×praecox 'Warminster". Retrieved 17 July 2013. 
  15. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Cytisus 'Zeelandia'". Retrieved 17 July 2013. 
Wikispecies has information related to: Cytisus
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cytisus.
Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorWikipedia
Sourcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cytisus&oldid=644825426
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